Effects of Competition and Water Deficiency on Sunflower and Weed Growth

Soares, Murilo Meira; Freitas, Claudia Daianny Melo; Oliveira, Fernando Sarmento de; Mesquita, Hélida Campos de; Silva, Tatiane Severo

doi:10.1590/1983-21252019v32n204rc

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Easy dispersion and high seed production capacity allow both B. pilosa and B. subalternans to colonize cultivated and noncultivated areas (PAMPLONA et al, 2020). In addition, these species have a great capacity to extract water and nutrients from the soil, making these species good competitors for growth resources, during various crop cycles (SANTOS et al, 2015;FREITAS et al, 2019;SOARES et al, 2019). According to Deiss et al (2017), losses of productivity in the range of 30% in the soybean crop occurred due to the interference of B. pilosa and B. subalternans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WATER DEFICIT ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF Bidens pilosa L. AND Bidens subalternans DC.

et al. 2021

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Stress caused by soil water deficit has been one of the main factors that inhibit plant growth. The knowledge of the factors related to the behavior of weed species under water stress conditions can contribute to the elaboration of effective control strategies. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of the degree and duration of water deficit on physiological and growth indicators of two weed species (Bidens pilosa L. and Bidens subalternans DC.). The stress degree was simulated by four soil moisture: 100, 75, 50, 25% of total soil capacity. The water deficit duration was evaluated by five intervals of water supply: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days. The experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with six replicates. The evaluated variables were: the photosynthetic rate (A; μmol CO2 m-2), stomatal conductance (gs; μmol H2O m-2 s-1), transpiration (E; mmol H2O m-2 s-1), number of leaves per plant, and dry matter of the roots, stems, leaves, and total. The results showed that the species of B. pilosa and B. subalternans tolerate low water availability conditions. Low stomatal opening and loss of leaves are mechanisms that ensure the survival of Bidens plants to the water deficit. However, water stress close to 25% of field capacity caused the death of species. The B. subalternans had higher sensitivity to the water deficit, showing a lower dry matter of leaf, stem, and root than B. pilosa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WATER DEFICIT ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF Bidens pilosa L. AND Bidens subalternans DC.

et al. 2021

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“…The average productivity of sunflower crops in the worldwide was 1803.9 kg/ha in 2019 (FAO, 2019). Many environmental factors contributed to the nonachievement of greater productivity in the sunflower harvest in Brazil, which highlights the increase in the frequency of drought seasons (Soares et al, 2019). Large economic losses were reported for Brazilian agribusiness, primarily due to periods of severe drought in the field (Ribeiro et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen sulfide, potassium phosphite and zinc sulfate as alleviators of drought stress in sunflower plants

et al. 2020

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Drought is the most harmful environmental factor crop productivity. Some chemicals are used in agriculture to mitigate the damage from this stress on plants. Therefore, we examined whether the spraying of zinc sulfate (ZS), potassium phosphite (KPhi) and the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) would mitigate the deleterious effects of water deficit on sunflower plants by analyzing physiological and biometric characteristics. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse using a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme: [Factor A (Alleviators)] - spraying of KPhi (0.5 L ha-1), ZS (3.2 kg ha-1), NaHS (1.2 g ha-1), and water; [Factor B (substrate humidity, SH)] - 100% (well irrigated) and 30% (water deficit, WD) of field capacity. Under WD conditions, alleviators led to the maintenance of higher values of water potential (ΨW), a lower content of leaf malonaldehyde (MDA), and increased activity of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase (POX), except for ZS. However, leaf osmotic potential, proline concentration, variables related to gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence, and biometric characteristics differed only according to the SH factor. The results of ΨW and MDA for sunflower plants under WD are indicative of the mitigating capacity of ZS, KPhi, and H2S. Thus, the spraying of these compounds on sunflower plants mitigates the effects of WD, acting specifically in physiological processes related to antioxidant responses and in the maintenance of water in leaf tissues.

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“…Bianchi et al (2011) achieved different results from ours, since competition with radish (Raphanus sativus L.) in the vegetative stage of soybean led to a decrease in height, branch length and grain productivity. A study of sunflower plants grown alone and together with slender amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus) showed that the water deficit regime affected the growth rate of the crop and led to shorter plants (Soares et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water deficit and plant recovery affect interaction between soybean and slender amaranth

Agostinetto

Ruchel

Fraga

et al. 2020

Agraria

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Biotic and abiotic factors such as competition with weeds and water deficit may cause significant losses to soybean productivity. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of water deficit and plant recovery in the interaction between soybean (Glycine max) and slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis) by using growth variables. A replacement series experiment was performed and treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme; they were composed of two water regimes (field capacity and water deficit (50% of field capacity)) and different soybean and slender amaranth proportions (100:0, 50:50 and 0:100%). Water regimes were applied 20 days after plant transplant. Height, leaf area and shoot dry matter were evaluated in soybean and slender amaranth under field capacity and water deficit, returning to normal irrigation conditions to evaluate the water recovery. Soybean exhibited competitiveness which was equivalent to the slender amaranth, independent of the water regime. Water deficit negatively influenced height, leaf area and shoot dry matter of soybean and slender amaranth. There was a reduction in leaf area and shoot dry matter of soybean after plant recovery caused by the irrigation deficit period.

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Effects of Competition and Water Deficiency on Sunflower and Weed Growth

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

WATER DEFICIT ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF Bidens pilosa L. AND Bidens subalternans DC.

WATER DEFICIT ON GROWTH AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF Bidens pilosa L. AND Bidens subalternans DC.

Hydrogen sulfide, potassium phosphite and zinc sulfate as alleviators of drought stress in sunflower plants

Water deficit and plant recovery affect interaction between soybean and slender amaranth

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