Agro-Economic Efficiency of the Intercropping of Carrot X Cowpea-Vegetable Under Different Spatial Arrangements and Population Densities

Ribeiro, Giorgio Mendes; Neto, Francisco Bezerra; Lima, Jailma Suerda Silva de; Silva, Maiele Leandro da; Júnior, Aurélio Paes Barros; Santos, Elizangêla Cabral dos

doi:10.1590/1983-21252017v30n404rc

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The behaviour of the canonical variable was dictated by the pressure of the population densities of the cowpea, decreasing the value of the score with the increase of the population density. Behaviour was completely different from that obtained by Ribeiro et al (2017), when he intercropped carrot with cowpea in the same densities and spatial arrangements of this research and managed to optimise this score as a function of the population densities of cowpea. This difference in result is probably due to the tuberosity used, where the carrot is a larger cycle culture than the beet, thus allowing the best use of the environmental resources by the carrot and cowpea plants, consequently the optimisation was reached for this score.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…Several factors may have a significant impact on the agronomic (yield) and biological (growth rate) of the component crops in intercropping. Among them are cultivated crop types, planting spatial arrangements, crops population densities, cropping years, among others (Ribeiro et al, 2017). Several indices have been developed to quantify advantages in intercropped systems; among them are the LER, IA, PEI, and the score of the canonical variable (Batista et al, 2016b;Cecílio Filho et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio-agroeconomic returns in beet-cowpea intercropping by optimization of population densities and spatial arrangements

et al. 2022

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One of the great challenges of the beet and cowpea cultivation in crop association is to maintain their productivity as that of their sole counterparts in semi-arid environment. In this context, the objective of this work is to assess whether there is bio-agroeconomic return in associations of beet-cowpea by the optimization of population densities and spatial arrangements of the component crops. Experiments were performed in randomised complete block designs with treatments arranged in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor was the population densities of cowpea (100, 80, 60, and 40% of the recommended population in single crop - RPSC) in association with beet, and the second factor was the spatial arrangements (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4), formed by beet (B) rows alternating with cowpea (C) rows. The competition and agronomic indices evaluated were aggressiveness, competitive ratio, land equivalent ratio, actual yield loss, intercropping advantage and the productive efficiency index. The economic indicators evaluated were gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin. High agro-economic efficiency can be obtained in the cultivation of beet and cowpea intercropping when well-managing the factors of production, population densities and spatial arrangement of the component crops. The greatest agro-economic return of the cowpea and beet intercropping was obtained in the population densities of 40 and 100% of RPSC for cowpea and beet, respectively. The 2:2 spatial arrangement between beet and cowpea crops was the one with the best productive performance and higher indicators of economic return. The cowpea was the dominant crop while the beet was dominated.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-agroeconomic returns in beet-cowpea intercropping by optimization of population densities and spatial arrangements

et al. 2022

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“…The observed results for LER corroborate with those obtained by RIBEIRO et al (2017), who studied the agro-economic efficiencies of carrot vs. cowpea intercropping under different spatial arrangements, obtaining higher values in the 2:2 spatial arrangement. Different results were obtained by FAVACHO et al (2017), who evaluated the agroeconomic efficiencies of carrot vs. cowpea intercropping as a function of C. procera biomass quantities and spatial arrangements and observed no statistical difference among the spatial arrangements studied.…”

Section: Agronomic Advantagesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In relation to the value observed for the score of the canonical variable Z of 1.86, obtained in the 2:2 spatial arrangement, the results are similar to those obtained by RIBEIRO et al (2017), who investigated the agro-economic efficiencies of carrot vs. cowpea intercropping under different spatial arrangements and obtained a higher value in the 2:2 spatial arrangement (1.23).…”

Section: Agronomic Advantagesupporting

confidence: 87%

Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements

et al. 2021

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One of the biggest challenges in intercropping of two or more crops is to maintain their productivity as that of their sole counterparts. In order to obtain sustainable intercropping systems in a semi-arid environment, this study evaluated the agro-economic advantage and sustainability of intercropped systems of carrot and cowpea, optimizing the green manuring and spatial arrangements. Experiments were conducted in the period from July to October 2017 and 2018, using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments included four amounts of M. aegyptia incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 on dry basis) with three spatial arrangements (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4) between the components cultures formed from cowpea rows alternated with carrot rows. The agro-economic advantage indices evaluated in the intercropping systems were: land equivalent ratio (LER), area-time equivalent ratio (ATER), score of the canonical variable (Z), actual yield loss (AYL), intercropping advantage (IA), gross income (GI), net income (NI), rate of return (RR), and profit margin (PM). The highest agro-economic advantages of the carrot and cowpea intercropping were obtained for LER, ATER, NI, and RR of 2.60, 4.16, US$ 8,720.99 ha-1, and US$ 2.21, respectively, for M. aegyptia biomass amounts of 46.42, 47.82, 32.60 and 31.51t ha-1 added to the soil. The 2: 2 spatial arrangement was the one with the best productive performance, with higher net income and rate of return in the intercropping of carrot-cowpea.

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“…Studies on plant populations in crop associations are generally designed in part to improve system productivity and provide a rationalization of necessary crop treatments. However, crops increase their productivity to a certain density, after which the limit is reached, and competition for area and nutrients play an relevant role, resulting in reduced photosynthetic rates and nutrient concentrations, with potential negative consequences for plant growth and crops productivity, as also for the products quality (Strassburger et al, 2010;Ribeiro et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-economic return from the green fertilizing and plant population in strip-intercropping of beet and rocket

Lino

Neto

Chaves

et al. 2021

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The triumph of the crops association with vegetables in semi-arid environment depends on crop types grown and adequate manipulation of treatment-factors tested such as fertilization, plant population, among others. Thus, this investigation aimed to valuate the bio-economic return of beet-rocket strip-intercropping in diverse balanced quantities of hairy woodrose (M. aegyptia) and roostertree (C. procera) biomass (20, 35, 50 and 65 t ha-1 on base dry) and in different rocket plant population (40, 60, 80 and 100% of that recommended population in monocropping - RPM), associated with the beet population of 100% of the RPM, in two years of cultivation. The bio-economic indices: land equivalent ratio (LER), intercropping advantage (IA), actual yield loss (AYL), productive efficiency index (PEI), canonical variable score (Z), gross return (GR) and net return (NR), rate of return (RR) and profit margin (PM) were assessed. The greatest bio-economic returns of beet-rocket strip-intercropping were of: 1.87; 7.44; 1.90; 0.98; 2.52; 85,827.79 and 65,425.01 R$ ha-1; 4.24 R$ for each real invested, and 77.02%, respectively, for LER, IA, AYL, PEI, Z, GR, NR, RR and PM in the biomass quantity of 65 t ha-1 of hairy woodrose and roostertree, in the rocket population of 100% of the RPM (a million plants ha-1). The hairy woodrose and roostertree biomass use from Caatinga biome proved to be a viable technology for growers who practice the cultivation of beet-rocket strip-intercropping in semi-arid environment.

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Agro-Economic Efficiency of the Intercropping of Carrot X Cowpea-Vegetable Under Different Spatial Arrangements and Population Densities

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Bio-agroeconomic returns in beet-cowpea intercropping by optimization of population densities and spatial arrangements

Bio-agroeconomic returns in beet-cowpea intercropping by optimization of population densities and spatial arrangements

Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements

Bio-economic return from the green fertilizing and plant population in strip-intercropping of beet and rocket

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