Estudo botânico, fitoquímico e fisico-químico de Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract

RESUMO:Euphorbia hirta L., popularmente conhecida por erva andorinha, tem sido utilizada no tratamento de distúrbios respiratórios e como antiespasmódico. Esse trabalho foi realizado com a finalidade de determinar as características macroscópicas e microscópicas das folhas, caule e raiz dessa planta, uma vez que estas são as partes usadas popularmente. Algumas características de valor na sua diagnose foram apontadas e ilustradas por fotomicrografias. Reações de fitoquímica e a determinação do conteúdo de água e de cinzas foram realizadas no pó obtido da planta inteira, parte essa utilizada na fitoterapia Ayuverda. Na prospecção fitoquímica foram encontrados flavonóides, mucilagem, resinas e cumarinas. Na determinação do teor de água, de cinzas totais e de cinzas insolúveis em ácido, os valores encontrados foram 8,99%, 9,35%, 0,75%, respectivamente. Com o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi possível obter parâmetros para o controle de qualidade das folhas, caule e raízes de E. hirta.Palavras-chave: planta medicinal, erva-andorinha, morfoanatomia, farmacognosia, controle de qualidade ABSTRACT: Botanical, phytochemical and physicochemical study of Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae).The Euphorbia hirta L. has been used in the treatment of respiratory disorders and as an antispasmodic. This work was carried out to determine the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the leaves, stems and roots of this plant, as these parts are commonly used. Some features of value in their diagnosis were identified and illustrated by photomicrographs. Phytochemical reactions and determination of water and ash contents were carried out in the powder obtained from the whole plant, the part used in Ayurveda phytomedicine. In phytochemical screening, we found flavonoids, mucilage, resins and coumarins. The values of water content, total ashes and acid insoluble ashes were 8.99%, 9.35%, 0.75%, respectively. The data obtained are important for the quality control of the leaves, stems and roots of E. hirta.

Microscopic characterization, TLC fingerprinting and optimization of total lipid content from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) using response surface methodology

“…The shape of petiole varied from species to species in the genus Euphorbia, such as plano-convex petiole was observed in Euphorbia umbellate (Luz et al, 2015). The petiole of EN was nearly circular or round as reported for E. hirta with unilayered epidermis, thick cuticle, and no trichomes (Pinto et al, 2014). The closed-collateral vascular system observed in this study was quite similar to that found in other species (E. tirucalli L. and E. trigona Mill.)…”

“…dobrogensis were reported to have only one layer of palisade cells (Bercu & Popoviciu, 2015). The midrib of EN contains a single vascular bundle as reported in several species of Euphorbia (Pinto et al, 2014).…”

“…Similar types of trichomes were found in Euphorbia hamiltonii , Euphorbia prostrata , Euphorbia pulcherrima (Zahra et al, 2014), and Phlomis herba‐venti (Gostin, 2023). Non‐glandular trichomes of multicellular nature with acute tip were reported in Euphorbia hirta (Pinto et al, 2014), Euphorbia heterophylla , respectively (Essiett et al, 2012), Carthamus tinctoria , Peganum harmala , and Ricinus communis (Dastagir et al, 2023). In spite of taxonomic uses, these trichomes have various physiological and ecological roles in plants.…”