Memory Monitoring and Control in Young and Intermediate-Age Adults

Abstract

processing model for understanding the mechanisms of metamemory, which considers two levels: object (the processing of memory) and meta (knowledges and strategies related to memory and a dynamic representational model of the object level). The information flows between the levels through two processes: memory monitoring, in which the meta level is informed regarding what occurs in the object level; and memory control, which modifies and regulates the activity of the object level. These processes are important in various situations of learning and memorization in the day-to-day. A student can monitor (through metacognitive judgments) how much she has learned on a specific subject which was studied, and control (through the study time) how much she still needs to study in order to master the topic. Abstract: The way adults perceive and regulate learning (metamemory) is an important indicator of how they perform on memory tasks. This study assessed memory monitoring, control and performance in young and intermediate-age adults according to item type (with or without semantic relation), type of judgment of learning (JOL -immediate or delayed), and age. Twenty-six young adults (M = 22 years old) and 18 intermediate-age adults (M = 47 years old) participated, who responded to an experimental paradigm to evaluate metamemory. Results showed that related word-pairs received higher magnitude for the JOLs and better cued-recall scores. JOLs' accuracy was similar between the age groups, delayed JOLs being more accurate only for young adults. Intermediate-age adults apparently based their allocation of study time less on JOLs or cued-recall than young adults.Keywords: metacognition, memory, developmental age groups Monitoramento e Controle de Memória em Adultos Jovens e de Idade IntermediáriaResumo: A maneira como adultos percebem e regulam a aprendizagem (metamemória) é importante indicador de como desempenham tarefas de memória. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o monitoramento, o controle e o desempenho de memória em adultos jovens e de idade intermediária conforme tipo de item na tarefa (pares de palavras com e sem relação semântica), o momento em que os JOLs foram feitos (JOLs imediatos e tardios) e idade. Participaram 26 adultos jovens (M = 22 anos) e 18 adultos de idade intermediária (M = 47 anos), que responderam a um paradigma experimental de metamemória. Observou-se que pares de palavras relacionados levaram à maior magnitude dos JOLs e melhores escores na evocação com pista. A precisão dos JOLs foi semelhante para os grupos etários, sendo JOLs tardios mais precisos apenas para adultos jovens. Adultos de idade intermediária contaram menos com seus JOLs ou com a evocação com pista para guiar o tempo de reestudo do que adultos jovens. Palavras-chave: metacognição, memória, grupos etários Monitoreo y Control de Memoria en Adultos Jóvenes y de Edad IntermediariaResumen: La forma en que los adultos perciben y regulan el aprendizaje (metamemoria) es un indicador importante de cómo ejecutan tareas de memoria. La finalid...

Learning as a permanent innovation

“…In order to examine and analyze the expressions of perception and emotion in the individual when learning, we here use a contemporary perspective on the study of the human mind connected to theories of mind, metacognition, and cognition, as evidenced by cognitive psychology (CANDEIRA, 2017;STERNBERG, 2018;STERNBERG, 2017;SALLES, 2014aSALLES, , 2014b. This theory says that humans have a level of consciousness called metacognition.…”