Electromyographic biofeedback and visual feedback in myofunctional therapy: usage profile by speech-language-hearing pathologists

Abstract

Purpose: to identify the usage profile of mirrors and electromyographic biofeedback to support myofunctional therapy by speech-language-hearing therapists who work with oral-motor function in Brazil. Methods: a quantitative cross-sectional study with an online (SurveyMonkey) questionnaire, which was structured with questions on the use of mirrors and/or electromyographic biofeedback. A descriptive analysis was made, and the Mann-Whitney U test and the chi-square test were applied (p < 0.05). Results: most professionals (23 [82.14%]) used mirrors, whereas only five (17.85%) used electromyographic biofeedback. The electromyographic biofeedback was used at some point with all age groups, to treat mastication and swallowing functions and facial mimics. Dysphagia and facial palsy were regularly or occasionally treated with it. The patients’ perception was significantly associated with the use of either instrument. The electromyographic biofeedback group showed a consensus among patients, while approximately half of the mirror group (12 [52.17%]) were indifferent to its use. Conclusion: the profile showed young adult professionals, who used national equipment. The findings reinforce the need for research on complementary therapeutic procedures in the field of oral-motor functions, particularly, electromyographic biofeedback.