Effects of chemotherapy on the auditory system of children with cancer: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Purpose: to identify and analyze the effects of chemotherapy on the auditory system of children and/or adolescents with cancer treated with cisplatin and carboplatin, assessed through standardized audiological procedures. Methods: studies in Brazilian Portuguese and in English were searched for, as available in the databases Science Direct, PubMed, LILACS, BIREME, Embase, SciELO, Web of Science and Cochrane. The descriptors were: Hearing Loss, Audiology, Child Cancer, Chemotherapy, and Child. Articles with levels 1 and 2 of scientific evidence, published in the last 20 years (1997 to 2017), were considered, of which the audiological results were analyzed, as well as the prevalence of hearing loss in children with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Results: 3,625 articles were found, of which only 23 were selected for analysis in the present review. Studies have shown a high incidence of sensorineural hearing loss and decrease or even loss of otoacoustic emissions in children and adolescents with cancer, even after the first dose of chemotherapy drugs, with high frequencies being the most affected. Conclusion: there is evidence that both carboplatin and especially cisplatin from the first doses may impair the hearing of children and adolescents, mainly affecting the cochlear function, thus, the importance of long-term audiological monitoring.

Efeito do tratamento oncológico do câncer de cabeça e pescoço no sistema auditivo

“…A literatura corrobora com os achados, uma vez que estudos elucidam maior acometimento auditivo com a associação de quimioterapia e radioterapia (Bhandare et al, 2007;Theunissen et al, 2014;Wong et al, 2006). A ototoxicidade induzida pelo sinergismo das modalidades terapêuticas pode ser explicada tanto pelas características inerentes da cisplatina, ao passo que, sabidamente, é responsável por danos irreversíveis à audição, quanto pelo efeito prejudicial cumulativo da droga (Frisina et al, 2016;Lopes et al, 2020). É possível também que a radiação que ocorra antes ou concomitante à administração da quimioterapia ocasione hiperemia das estruturas do ouvido, o que sensibiliza a cóclea e favorece maior acometimento auditivo sinérgico.…”

Protective role of Nigella sativa oil against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: a literature review

“…7,8 The ototoxic effect of cisplatin are greatest in kids because of the potential for delays in education and psychosocial development. 9,10 To date, the mechanism of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity has not been completely clarified. This mechanism may involve many factors and many substances, so the management of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity remains unsolved.…”