Complicações e o tempo de diagnóstico do diabetes mellitus na atenção primária

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the association between the time of disease and the onset of diabetes mellitus complications and to describe the characteristics of the diabetics' population of a mid-sized city located in the Midwest of the state of Minas Gerais. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 1320 patients with diabetes mellitus. The data were obtained from the registration system of Hypertensive and diabetic patients and the following variables were evaluated: sociodemographic characteristics, duration of disease and diabetes complications. Results: Among patients who have the diagnosis of the disease for more than 10 years, the percentage of those that present complications 156 (32.2%) is higher than among those with the diagnosis of the disease for less than 10 years 45 (12.1%). Conclusion:The results showed that the onset of diabetes-related complications might be associated with the duration of disease. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar a associação entre o tempo da doença e o aparecimento de complicações do diabetes mellitus e descrever as características da população de diabéticos de um município de médio porte do Centro Oeste mineiro. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 1320 usuários com diabetes mellitus. Os dados foram obtidos do sistema de cadastramento de Hipertensos e Diabéticos e foram avaliadas as variáveis: características sociodemográficas, duração da doença e complicações do diabetes. Resultados: Entre os usuários que possuem o diagnóstico da doença há mais de 10 anos, o percentual daqueles que apresentam complicações 156 (32,2%) é maior do que entre os que possuem o diagnóstico da doença há menos de 10 anos 45 (12,1%). Conclusão: Os resultados apontaram que a presença de complicações relacionadas ao diabetes pôde ser associada ao tempo de duração da doença.

Perfil epidemiológico do diabetes mellitus em um estado do nordeste brasileiro Epidemiological profile of Diabetes Mellitus in a northeastern brazilian state

“…6 In regard of this, we emphasize the need to make plans about the care that should be directed to the population served by health professionals, taking into account their socio-demographic characteristics and comorbidities, offering ways to promote metabolic control. 12 The female predominance among patients with DM was found in other studies 4,1 , an example is the case study in a Family Health Unit located in the urban area of the city of João Pessoa, in which 67.1% of DM it was female. 4 This result can be explained by the fact that women reach adulthood and aging more often, if compared to men, added to the event that women are more concerned with health and have greater accessibility to health services, causing them to be diagnosed earlier than men.…”

“…In DM, the failure to carry out activities related to self-care, such as those related to proper nutrition, physical activity and proper use of medications, when necessary, exacerbates the onset of complications. 14,12 In this perspective, it becomes fundamental to qualify health professionals in order to improve the care provided to patients with DM, seeking to implement preventive measures in order to improve control of the disease and thus prevent complications and help to improve individuals' quality of life. Thus, it is necessary that health professionals develop promotion and health prevention actions, offering people living with diabetes, information about the disease, warning about the complications of diabetes, and also selfcare actions related primarily to the adoption of healthier lifestyles in order to provide a more appropriated self-care.…”

“…They should approach global perceptions about the disease, facilitating the development of self-care skills, and helping the patient himself and his/her family to cope with the illness. 3,12,1 For this, health professionals need to provide knowledge and strengthen active attitudes towards the disease, directing them to DM and family, and also approaching the same so that they feel free to express their doubts, difficulties and conflicts, and they can have better understanding about the disease and the importance of the implementation of self-care. 3,18 It is known that, in order to develop actions aimed at self-care in DM is necessary to have knowledge about the disease.…”

Fatores Associados À Qualidade De Vida De Indivíduos Acometidos Por Diabetes Mellitus

“…A realização de estudos sobre a DM em outros países como México e Uruguai evidenciou respectivamente a prevalência de 22,0% e 13,3% da população de idosos com a doença, o que demonstra o aumento crescente do número de pessoas com essa morbidade (13) . Além disso, com o avançar da idade, aumentam as chances dos indivíduos desenvolverem complicações devido a doença (14) . (15) .…”

Characterization of People with Diabetes Mellitus Assisted in an Outpatient Follow-up Clinic

“…[33] In addition, the longer the duration of DM the greater the severity of the disease and the likelihood of chronic complications -retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, macroangiopathies -suggesting that the study of this association, considering sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, is of paramount importance to direct care in the prevention of those diseases. [34] It is also worth noting that the prevention of cardiovascular diseases depends on the treatment of risk factors, such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH). SAH and DM are generally associated in 50% of cases and, combined with dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, alcoholism and sedentary lifestyle, they trigger micro and macrovascular damages, resulting in high cardiovascular and cerebral morbidity and mortality.…”