Ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho com material biológico potencialmente contaminado em enfermeiros

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of accidents involving potentially contaminated biological material in nurses. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 121 nurses. The research instrument was a self-applied questionnaire with sociodemographic and occupational accident-related variables. Results: Sixty-five (53.8) nurses were victims of occupational accidents involving exposure to potentially contaminated biological material. Sixty-three (52.1%) were related to piercing-cutting materials and 22 (18.2%) to exposure of the mucosa and/or non-intact skin. No statistically significant difference between the groups was found in terms of accident events and reporting (p=0.791 and p=0.427); knowledge of the immune response (p=0.379); change of piercing-cutting material collector (p=0.372) and training on standard precautions (p=0.158). A statistically significant different in the training was found (p=0.014), as nurses working at smaller establishments indicated greater desire to participate. Conclusion: Accidents are frequent among the nurses and training is positively related with adherence to standard precautions. ResumoObjetivo: Investigar ocorrência e características dos acidentes com material biológico potencialmente contaminado em enfermeiros. Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu 121 enfermeiros. O instrumento de pesquisa foi um questionário autoaplicável com variáveis sociodemográficas e relacionadas a acidentes de trabalho. Resultados: Em relação à ocorrência de acidente do trabalho com exposição a material biológico potencialmente contaminado entre enfermeiros, 65 (53,8%) foram vítimas. Destes, 63 (52,1%) por perfurocortantes e 22 (18,2%) por exposição à mucosa e/ou pele não íntegra. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos quanto à ocorrência e notificação do acidente (p=0,791 e p=0,427); conhecimento da resposta vacinal (p=0,379); troca de recipiente de perfurocortantes (p=0,372) e treinamento sobre precauções padrão (p=0,158). Com relação ao treinamento foi verificada diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,014) uma vez que enfermeiros nos estabelecimentos menores relataram maior desejo de participação. Conclusão: Os acidentes são frequentes entre os enfermeiros e o treinamento relaciona-se positivamente à adesão às precauções-padrão.

Work incidents with biological material in the nursing team of a hospital in Mid-Western Brazil

“…2 The following variables were investigated: frequency of incidents in the institution, report on the last incident, participation in training courses on SP measures provided by the employing institution, adequate replacement of the container used to dispose of piercing-cutting material when 2/3 of its capacity are reached, vaccination against hepatitis B, and use of specific shoes for the work environment, in accordance with the existing laws.…”

“…Thus, safer practices must be promoted in the work process, with an emphasis on health promotion and prevention of such problems. 1,2 Standard Precautions (SP) are measures recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). They must be followed universally by all professionals who provide health care, aiming to reduce the risks of contamination by biological agents and prevent Health Care-Related Infections (HCRI).…”

Nursing Professionals And Occupational Accidents

“…The study further reveals that the risk of HCV virus contamination reaches 1.8% while the HIV virus ranges from 0.3 to 0.5%. The study also highlights the need for notification and follow-up of accident victims, as well as the provision of standard precautionary measures, enabling an environment that facilitates safety for the professional and the patient [4].…”

“…It is noteworthy that in this professional category, one of the main accidents that affects them is associated with the handling of piercing material (needles), material that is potentially contaminated, being linked to several risk factors such as exposure to biological material, and it can cause these infections acquired through professional work, such as exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS -HIV), which can lead to severe damage to health workers [4].…”

Validation of the Comply with Post-Exposure Management Among Health Care Workers Instrument for Brazil

“…Despite the obligation related to using standard precautions and specific control and prevention legislation, accidents involving exposure to biological materials continue to be registered, perpetuating the serious problem of occupational hazards in the hospital environment (1)(2) .…”