Periodontal condition of adolescents and associated factors

Silveira, Marise Fagundes; Freire, Rafael Silveira; Brito, Maria Fernanda Santos Figueiredo; Martins, Aline Blaya; Marcopito, Luiz Francisco

doi:10.1590/1981-86372019000043489

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Epidemiological studies of periodontal disease indicated that several factors are associated with periodontal disease, i.e., advanced age, male sex, obesity, inadequate oral hygiene practices, smoking, and low socioeconomic status [ 10 – 14 ]. These reports were based on different population subgroups, such as school [ 10 ] and university students [ 11 ], low-risk pregnant women [ 12 ], adolescents [ 13 ], and elderly [ 14 ] general populations. However, there have been very few studies focused on periodontal disease in diabetes patients [ 5 – 8 ], a group who at increased risk of periodontal disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between diabetes self-care practices and control of periodontal disease among type2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh

Hasan¹,

Rahman²,

Nakamura³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Introduction The prevalence of periodontal disease is high in diabetes patients worldwide, including Bangladesh. Although associations of periodontal disease outcomes and clinical determinants of diabetes have been investigated, few studies have reported on the relationship between periodontal diseases outcomes with modifiable factors, such as self-care and oral hygiene practices, in patients with diabetes. Moreover, in order to develop targeted strategies, it is also important to estimate their aggregated contribution separately from that of the established sociodemographic and diabetics related clinical determinates. Therefore, this study was performed to elucidate 1) the relationship of diabetes patients’ self-care and oral hygiene practices to periodontal disease and 2) the relative contributions of selected factors to periodontal disease outcome in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods The data were obtained from the baseline survey of a multicentre, prospective cohort study. A total of 379 adult patients with type 2 diabetes from three diabetic centres in Dhaka, Rajshahi and Barishal, received periodontal examinations using the community periodontal index (CPI) probe, glycated haemoglobin examination, other clinical examinations, and structured questionnaires. Multiple logistics regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between selected factors and prevalence of any periodontal disease and its severity. Results More than half of the participants were female (53.8%) and 66.8% of the total participants was 21–50 years old. The prevalence of any (CPI code 2+3+4; 75.7%) and severe form (CPI code 4; 35.1%) of periodontal disease were high in type 2 diabetes patients. In multivariate analysis, the odds of periodontal disease increased with unfavourable glycaemic control indicated by HbA1c ≥ 7%, and decreased by 64%, 85% and 92% with adherence to recommended diet, physical activity, and oral hygiene practices, respectively. Diabetes self-care practice explained the highest proportion of the variance (13.9%) followed by oral hygiene practices (10.9%) by modelling any periodontal disease versus no disease. Variables of diabetes conditions and oral hygiene practices explained 10.9% and 7.3% of the variance by modelling severe (CPI code 4) or moderate (CPI code 3) forms of periodontal disease versus mild form of periodontal disease. Findings also conferred that while poor diabetes control had an individually adverse association with any form of periodontal diseases and its severity, the risk of diseases was moderated by oral hygiene practices. Conclusions This study suggested that, in addition to diabetes-related clinical determinants, self-care practices, and oral hygiene practices must be taken into consideration for prevention and control of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between diabetes self-care practices and control of periodontal disease among type2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh

Hasan¹,

Rahman²,

Nakamura³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Presence of halitosis). 27 Similarly, a significant association was found between periodontal disease and the presence of systemic diseases. A participant who had other systemic disease was 1.96 times more likely to develop periodontal changes which are similar to previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, the findings of the study were found to be higher in the study done in Brazil (2.9%). 27 This difference might be due to the oral health-care system and awareness difference between the two countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<p>Periodontal Disease Status and Associated Risk Factors in Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia</p>

Teshome¹,

Bekele²

2020

CCIDE

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Purpose Information on periodontal disease and its predictors in sub-Saharan Africa is sparse. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease and assess the relationship with associated factors in patients who attended the University of Gondar comprehensive hospital. Patients and Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1, 2019, to March 10, 2020, at the University of Gondar comprehensive Hospital. Participants were recruited with a systematic random sampling technique, and interviewed for sociodemographic and medical information through a structured questionnaire. Two examiners evaluated the periodontal status of the study participants using the community periodontal index (CPI). Results Four hundred twenty participants were involved in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 29.87 (±7. 76). The majority of the study participants had a habit of tooth brushing (72.1%) and almost half of them did not have a fixed time to brush their teeth. Periodontal change (CPI>0) was noted in 42.4% of the participants and among that 21.7% had shallow pocket (pocket depth of 4–5 mm) and 5.95% had a deep periodontal pocket (≥6 mm). The prevalence was higher in 20–34 years (57.3%), females (58.98%), monthly income of <2500 ETB (82.02%), and frequent carbohydrate intakes (65.17%). Age (AOR=9.61, 95% CI: 6.42, 13.04), gender (AOR=2.00, 95% CI: 136, 2.97), educational status (AOR=3.25), residency (AOR= 1.66), monthly income (AOR=2.13), oral hygiene habit (AOR=4.85) and systemic disease (AOR=1.96) were significantly associated with periodontitis. Conclusion In the present study, 42.4% of the study participants encountered periodontal disease. The study confirmed that various sociodemographic risk factors/indicators are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis.

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“…Known risk factors for caries are poor oral health perception [ 25 ] and poor oral health behaviors such as low frequency of tooth-brushing [ 26 ], non-use of fluoridated toothpaste [ 27 ], poor dental service utilization [ 25 ], high frequency of consumption of refined carbohydrates [ 28 ], and cigarette smoking [ 29 , 30 ]. Sociodemographic variables such as sex (females are more at risk for caries than males) [ 31 , 32 ] and age (the risk for caries increases with age) [ 33 ]; and familial factors such as low socioeconomic status [ 34 ], birth rank (last primogenitors) [ 35 ], large family size [ 35 ] and parental living status (absence of one or both parents) [ 36 ] can also be risk factors for caries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and familial factors associated with caries and gingivitis among adolescents resident in a semi-urban community in South-Western Nigeria

et al. 2021

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Objectives We describe the prevalence, and individual and familial risk indicators for dental caries and gingivitis among 10–19-year-old adolescents in Ile-Ife, South-West Nigeria. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data through household surveys conducted between December 2018 and January 2019. Adolescents were recruited through multistage sampling. Oral health outcomes were caries, measured by the ‘Decayed, Missing due to caries, and Filled Teeth’ (DMFT) index, and gingivitis, measured by the Loe and Silness gingival index. Explanatory variables were individual (sex, age, oral health perception) and familial (socioeconomic status, birth rank, family size and parental living status) factors. Oral health behaviors (daily tooth-brushing, use of fluoridated toothpaste, consuming refined carbohydrates in-between meals, use of dental floss, dental service utilization in past 12 months, and smoking habits) were treated as confounders. Poisson regression models with robust estimation were constructed to determine associations between explanatory factors and oral health outcomes. Results A total of 1472 adolescents were surveyed. Caries prevalence was 3.4%, with mean (standard deviation) DMFT of 0.06 (0.36) and plaque index of 0.84 (0.56). Only 128 (8.7%) adolescents brushed their teeth twice daily, 192 (16.1%) used dental floss daily, 14 (1.1%) utilized dental services in the last 12 months, and 508 (36.1%) consumed refined carbohydrates in-between meals less than once daily. The proportion of respondents who currently smoked cigarettes was 1.6%, and 91.7% of respondents used fluoridated toothpaste daily. The adjusted prevalence ratio of having caries increased by 18% for every additional age-year (APR: 1.18; 95% CI 1.004, 1.34). Additionally, participants with high socioeconomic status had significantly lower prevalence of caries compared to those with lower status (APR: 0.40; 95% CI 0.17, 0.91). Moderate/severe gingivitis was significantly associated with higher frequency of consuming refined carbohydrates in-between meals (APR: 2.33; 95% CI 1.36, 3.99) and higher plaque index scores (APR: 16.24; 95% CI 9.83, 26.82). Conclusion Caries prevalence increased with increasing age and was higher among Nigerian adolescents with low socioeconomic status, while moderate/severe gingivitis was associated with frequent consumption of refined carbohydrates and higher plaque index score. While behavioral interventions may reduce the risk of gingivitis, structural interventions may be needed to reduce the risk for caries in this population.

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Periodontal condition of adolescents and associated factors

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Relationship between diabetes self-care practices and control of periodontal disease among type2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh

Relationship between diabetes self-care practices and control of periodontal disease among type2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh

<p>Periodontal Disease Status and Associated Risk Factors in Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia</p>

Individual and familial factors associated with caries and gingivitis among adolescents resident in a semi-urban community in South-Western Nigeria

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