Relationship of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, malondialdehyde, and 8-Hydroxy 2-Deoxyguanosine with post-ischemic stroke depression

Abstract

A few studies have shown that serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level in post-stroke depression is highly correlated with memory and neuropsychiatric disturbances. Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the relationship of serum BDNF, malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-Hydroxy 2-Deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG) levels in acute stroke cases with one-month post-stroke depression. Methods: An observational study was conducted of 72 post-ischemic stroke patients in the Neurology ward of the Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Acute stroke (< 48 hours) serum BDNF, MDA, and 8-OhdG levels were measured using ELISA. Based on observations using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale conducted one month after stroke, respondents were divided into two groups: with and without depression. The mean serum level was analyzed using the t-test and Mann-Whitney test, while differences in basic characteristics were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the most significant factor associated with post-stroke depression. The error rate was set at 5%. Results: BDNF levels in acute stroke were significantly lower in the depression group than in the non-depression group (p < 0.05). MDA and 8-OhdG levels in acute stroke were higher in the depression group (p < 0.05). BDNF level during acute stroke was negatively correlated with post-stroke depression, while, conversely, acute stroke MDA and 8-OhdG levels were positively correlated with depression. Conclusion: BDNF had a negative correlation, while MDA and 8-OhdG had a positive correlation, with depression one-month post-stroke. 8-OhdG was the most influential factor in post-stroke depression.

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor as a Clinical Biomarker in Predicting the Development of Post-Stroke Depression: A Review of Evidence

“…The seven recruited studies [ 11 - 17 ] that satisfied the methodological criteria for this review are described and summarized next, and the main features of these studies are presented in Table 1 .…”

“…Further, they determined that the risk of PSD development was much higher in ischemic stroke patients who were divorced or separated and who had lower levels of serum BDNF (p = .002) [ 16 ]. Syafrita et al [ 17 ] studied 72 post-ischemic stroke patients and found that serum BDNF levels in the acute phase of stroke were significantly lower in PSD patients as compared to non-PSD patients (p = .009), with serum BDNF levels significantly negatively correlated with the risk of PSD development (r = - .308) [ 17 ].…”

“…Five studies out of the seven included in this review demonstrated a significant correlation between increased risk of PSD development and low BDNF levels at some stage of stroke recovery [ 12 - 14 , 16 - 17 ].…”

“…Jimenez et al [ 11 ] found no statistically significant difference in serum BDNF levels between PSD and non-PSD study participants either early or late in stroke recovery. Yang et al [ 12 ], Li et al [ 14 ], and Syafrita et al [ 17 ] reported lower BDNF in PSD patients than non-PSD patients at acute stages of stroke while Zhou et al [ 13 ] reported no significant differences between BDNF levels in acute stroke patients with or without later-identified PSD. Zhou et al [ 13 ] did report significantly lower BDNF levels in PSD patients at a later stage in the evolution of their stroke (three to six months), but this is contradicted by Yang et al’s finding that the early significant difference was no longer apparent by day seven post-stroke [ 12 ].…”

“…Li et al [ 14 ] found a significant negative correlation between serum BDNF and scores on the NIHSS during acute phases while Chang et al [ 15 ] showed an opposite effect between serum BDNF and scores on the GDS-SF, significant at all time points (day zero, week one, week two) of their longitudinal study. Both Han et al [ 16 ] and Syafrita et al [ 17 ] reported that reduced BDNF significantly predicts risk of PSD, but Zhen et al related this to social factors such as divorce while Syafrita et al commented only on acute phases of stroke recovery.…”