Mudanças nas condições socioeconômicas e de saúde dos brasileiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19

Abstract

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever as mudanças nas condições socioeconômicas e de saúde dos brasileiros durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados de pesquisa de comportamentos realizada pela internet de 24 de abril a 24 de maio de 2020 com 45.161 participantes recrutados por amostragem em cadeia. Foi feita uma análise descritiva de temas abordados na pesquisa: adesão às medidas de restrição social, diagnóstico do novo coronavírus, situação de trabalho e rendimentos, dificuldades nas atividades de rotina, presença de comorbidades, estado de ânimo e acesso aos serviços de saúde. Foram estimados as prevalências e os intervalos de 95% de confiança. Resultados: Aproximadamente 75% dos brasileiros aderiram à restrição social. Quanto aos sintomas de gripe, 28,1% relatou ter apresentado algum sintoma, mas apenas 5,9% realizou teste para COVID-19. Em relação à situação socioeconômica, 55,1% relatou diminuição do rendimento familiar, e 7% ficou sem rendimento; 25,8% dos indivíduos ficaram sem trabalhar, sendo o grupo de trabalhadores informais o mais afetado (50,6%). Quanto às condições de saúde, 29,4% avaliou que a sua saúde piorou; 45% teve problemas no sono, 40% apresentou, frequentemente, sentimento de tristeza e 52,5% de ansiedade/nervosismo; 21,7% procurou serviço de saúde e, entre estes, 13,9% não conseguiu atendimento. Conclusão: Os achados mostram a importância do controle da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil, para mitigar os efeitos adversos na situação socioeconômica e nas condições de saúde relacionados às medidas de restrição social.

Associations of Sociodemographic Factors and Health Behaviors with the Emotional Well-Being of Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

“…As for the intermediation of behavioral indicators, the intake of healthy food and practice of physical activity during the pandemic showed a positive influence on emotional well-being, while excessive screen time negatively affected the outcome. In turn, associations with the distal variables corroborate previous results [5], with less affluent adolescents being the most affected and females reporting problems more often than males.…”

“…4 Missed going to school during home confinement. 5 Lack of concentration was one of the difficulties in following non-face-to-face classes. 6 Often felt lonely during the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

“…Nevertheless, despite the effectiveness of these social restraining measures to contain transmission and prevent the overload of health systems [3,4], the guidance pertaining to home confinement for people who do not exercise essential occupations has had relevant implications in a socioeconomic context, with a significant reduction in family incomes, especially among socially disadvantaged people, aggravating social and health inequalities [5].…”

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Brazilian Population: Occupational Analysis

“…Any impediment or possibility of thwarting these basic human objectives, or any danger to the defenses that protect them or the conditions on which they are set are considered psychological threats [14]. COVID-19 threatens all layers of Maslow's hierarchy, and deficits in each of these basic needs have deleterious consequences for our mental health [15]. 25.8% of the individuals could not work, and the group of informal workers was the most affected (50.6%).…”

Sleep Disorders in Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…The latter displayed a great impact on the life of the population in several aspects, mainly on mental health. Since the vast majority of the Brazilian population adhered to self-isolation, leaving home only for essential activities, a study carried out in Brazil, with individuals from different states, showed that more than half of the participants had anxious feelings after the arrival of the pandemic, 40.2% felt depressed and 44.9% started having problems with sleep (Almeida et al, 2020). Such circumstances can also be seen in other studies; a survey published by Ciencia & Saúde Coletiva magazine in June 2020, confirms that the vast majority of Brazilians had increased levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety and changes in hours of sleep after the outbreak of COVID-19.…”