HIV/AIDS, STIs and viral hepatitis in Brazil: epidemiological trends

Pereira, Gérson Fernando Mendes; Pimenta, Cristina; Giozza, Silvana Pereira; Caruso, Alessandro; Bastos, Francisco I.; Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland

doi:10.1590/1980-549720190001.supl.1

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The high prevalence of HIV, of about 7% (in multiusers, this estimate reached 11.4%) found in our study is another important point to be discussed. In Brazil, the estimated prevalence of HIV is 0.4% ( Pereira et al, 2019 ; Szwarcwald et al, 2016 ). The occurrence of HIV is associated with a substantial imbalance in the immune system, especially regarding CD4+ T cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical vulnerability for severity and mortality by COVID-19 among users of alcohol and other substances

Benzano

Ornell

Schuch

et al. 2021

Psychiatry Research

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The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency. Individuals with substance use disorder have a higher risk of infection and may suffer from more severe forms of the disease. Our goal is to investigate the prevalence of risk factors for COVID-19 severity in individuals with different substance use and explore whether specific types of substance are potentially associated with more clinical risk factors which could increase morbimortality in this population. The sample included 821 men hospitalized at an inpatient Addiction unit (305 alcohol users, 233 cocaine/crack users, and 283 multiusers). Data were collected using the Addiction Severity Index version 6. The most prevalent risk factors for COVID-19 severity observed in our sample were: smoking (82.5%), arterial hypertension (26.6%), respiratory problems (23.4%), and history of homelessness (25.1%). Arterial hypertension and cirrhosis occurred more frequently among alcohol users. Multiusers lived in the streets longer and had a higher prevalence of HIV than alcohol users. Overall, 28% of the sample had three or more risk factors. The frequency of risk factors was high and this scenario suggests that these individuals could be more susceptible to worse COVID-19 prognosis. Therefore, prevention strategies directed at specific characteristics of substance users merit attention during the pandemic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical vulnerability for severity and mortality by COVID-19 among users of alcohol and other substances

Benzano

Ornell

Schuch

et al. 2021

Psychiatry Research

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“…HIV infection in the Brazilian population has an estimated prevalence rate of 0.4%. However, the epidemic disproportionately affects key populations as women sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender women [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/aids in Brazil

et al. 2021

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Background Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) are key to preventing sexual transmission of HIV, whose sexual partners are at high risk of acquiring HIV. We aimed to determine the factors associated with PrEP and PEP’s knowledge as secondary prevention among people living with HIV/AIDS. Method Cross-sectional analytical study carried out among people living with HIV/AIDS treated at five specialized services in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected from July 2016 to July 2017. Individual interviews were conducted. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors associated with knowing PrEP and PEP. Results Of the 397 participants, 140 (35.26%) were heterosexual women aged 40 to 49 years (36.2%).Participants with less than 11 years of study (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13–0.60); who did not have a low viral load or did not know their viral load (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09–0.83) and those with casual partners (adjusted odds: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09–0.83) were less likely to know about the PrEP. MSM (adjusted odds: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.59–5.3) and those who used alcohol during sexual intercourse (adjusted odds: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0–2.8) were more likely to know about the PEP. Conclusions The knowledge about PEP and PrEP is low in Brazil. This may undermine secondary prevention efforts. Educational interventions to raise awareness of these prevention methods are needed among people living with HIV and who have HIV-negative sexual partners.

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“…Além disso, as principais populações-chave se confrontam com a exclusão, ou enfrentam dificuldades no acesso aos serviços de saúde, por inúmeras razões, e ainda não estão sendo adequadamente alcançadas por medidas de prevenção, tratamento e cuidados de forma integral, com intervenções e serviços de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, HIV e hepatites virais (Pereira, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Análise da assistência em infecções sexualmente transmissíveis na atenção primária

Freitas

Santos

Vasconcelos

et al. 2020

RSD

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Objetivou-se avaliar a assistência em infecções sexualmente transmissíveis prestada na atenção primária à saúde por enfermeiras(os) e médicas(os) sob a perspectiva de gênero. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 32 enfermeiras(os) e 32 médicas(os) de Unidades de Saúde da Família, entre janeiro e junho de 2016. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um formulário. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados com o software Epi infoTM7. Os resultados referentes às atividades clínicas desenvolvidas identificaram a prevalência em profissionais enfermeiros realizarem atendimento ginecológico, exames físico e clínico das mamas em pessoas do sexo feminino. Em oposição, as(os) profissionais médicas(os) predominaram na realização de exames físico e genital em sujeitos masculinos. Quanto às percepções das(os) profissionais acerca dos aspectos influenciadores na transmissão das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis destacou-se: imunidade, promiscuidade, machismo, periferia e baixa escolaridade. Os resultados demostraram a presença de aspectos que reforçam padrões normativos influenciadores na assistência em infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Ademais, a visão restritiva acerca dos grupos de risco, incluídas as barreiras de gênero, podem dificultar a realização de atividades de prevenção e abordagens nos atendimentos das(os) usuárias(os).

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HIV/AIDS, STIs and viral hepatitis in Brazil: epidemiological trends

Cited by 30 publications

References 8 publications

Clinical vulnerability for severity and mortality by COVID-19 among users of alcohol and other substances

Clinical vulnerability for severity and mortality by COVID-19 among users of alcohol and other substances

Knowledge of PEP and PrEP among people living with HIV/aids in Brazil

Análise da assistência em infecções sexualmente transmissíveis na atenção primária

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