Prevalência e fatores associados ao autorrelato de deficiência: uma comparação por sexo

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Objective: To estimate the prevalence of disability and its association with sociodemographic and health characteristics stratified by sex. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample including 4,048 residents aged ≥ 18 years in two health districts of Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil, during the period from 2008 to 2009. The outcome variable "disability" was established based on self-reported problems in body functions or structures. Sociodemographic characteristics ("sex," "age," "skin color," "marital status," "years of schooling," and "family income") and health ("reported morbidity," "health self-assessment," "quality of life," and "life satisfaction") were the explanatory variables. We applied the multivariate decision tree analysis by using the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector algorithm. Results: The overall prevalence of disability corresponded to 10.4% and it was higher in females (11.9%; confidence interval -95%CI 10.2 -13.6) than in males (8.7%; 95%CI 6.8 -10.5). In the multivariate analysis, "age" and "morbidity" in females, and "low educational level" and "poor health self-assessment" in males were the variables that best discriminated disability. Disability self-reporting was more frequent among women of working age (40 to 59 years-old) and with lower incomes, as well as in men with lower educational levels and incomes. With regard to health conditions, the highest disability percentages were seen among subjects of both genders that reported three or more diseases and worsened perception of health. Conclusion: Results reinforce the need for a distinct approach, since women of working age and men with lower educational level are more vulnerable to the occurrence of disability.

Posição socioeconômica e deficiência: “Estudo Saúde em Belo Horizonte, Brasil”

“…The dose-response gradient observed by the increased number of morbidities referred to as prevalence of disability also increases has been previously described [11][12][13]36 , supporting the results of this study. The relationship between the aging process and the self-reported disability with chronic diseases also assumes a dose-response gradient: increasing age raises the frequency of referred morbidities and increases the prevalence of disability 12,15,37 .…”

“…Literature shows that women have a high prevalence of disability when compared to men 11,14,35 . However, in this study, gender was not associated with disability in the multivariate analysis.…”

“…Studies have shown that individuals with disabilities and with greater socioeconomic deprivation have a high prevalence of comorbidities, lower access to health services and rehabilitation, which increases health inequities [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] . These studies already provide some evidence of the relevance of social policies focused on populations with a high level of vulnerability, such as those with disabilities.…”

A percepção de qualidade de vida de pessoas com deficiência motora: diferenças entre cadeirantes e deambuladores

“…This study has assessed social and economic characteristics, and the disability type of wheelchair users and ambulatory patients. Regarding the gender, there was an overall similar percentage among participants (49.7% were women and 50.3% men), in opposition to the study by Felicíssimo et al 13 , who investigated the prevalence and factors related to disabilities, with 53.1% female participants. The research by Assis and Carvalho-Freitas 14 has corroborated to the results of this research, since the prevalence of people with physical disabilities was of male patients (68%).…”

Satisfaction of Individuals with Physical Disabilities Regarding the Use of Assistive Technologies

“…This study evaluated the satisfaction of individuals with physical disabilities regarding the use of assistive technologies. In relation to gender, the overall percentage was n=29 (51.8%) men and n=27 (48.2%) women with physical disabilities, in contrast to another study, [8] which investigated the prevalence and factors related to disability, with 53.1% being female. the epidemiological profile of individuals with physical disabilities in this study is similar to other published studies (9).…”