Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membranes Developed for Oily Emulsion Treatment

Abstract

Polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber membranes were produced, containing 3% of two types of clay (Brasgel PA-MMT and Cloisite NA-CLNa), in order to modify the characteristics of the polyethersulfone membrane. By means of the X-ray diffraction, it was possible to observe an exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structure in the membranes containing clay. From the analysis of contact angle, it was possible to notice an increase in the hydrophilicity of the membrane with the introduction of the clay. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the morphology of the porous support of the membrane was modified with addition of clay, favoring greater uniformity of the pores and fingers. In the flow measurements with distilled water, the membranes with clay obtained the highest flows, being the greater flow with the Cloisite Na clay (~22 L/h.m 2) and was in agreement with the contact angle results. In the analysis of permeation with the oily emulsion, the membrane with Brasgel PA clay in its structure presented the greatest flow (~16 L/h.m 2) and the membrane with Cloisite Na presented the greatest yield (78.28%). Therefore, the clay acted by modifying both the morphology and the hydrophilicity of the polyethersulfone membrane, improving flow and yield.

Optimization of Process Parameters for Obtaining Polyethersulfone/Additives Membranes

“…The hollow fiber membrane permeation modules were produced for use in the flow and separation tests, where each had a total of five membranes. Module manufacturing followed the methodology of [27], where 20 cm long pipettes were used, in which the membranes were deposited and waterproofed with epoxy resin at the ends to perform the analysis in distilled water. Hollow fiber membranes were prepared using an extruder containing two concentric holes, allowing simultaneous extrusion of the internal liquid (distilled water), which aims to prevent solution collapse, and the polymer solution, as shown in Figure 3.…”

“…The hollow fiber membrane permeation modules were produced for use in the flow and separation tests, where each had a total of five membranes. Module manufacturing followed the methodology of [27], where 20 cm long pipettes were used, in which the membranes were deposited and waterproofed with epoxy resin at the ends to perform the analysis in distilled water.…”

Treatment of Effluents from the Textile Industry through Polyethersulfone Membranes

“…The flow started to stabilize in approximately 60 min of assay, excluding the Pure PES membrane, which began the assay practically stabilized. This can be done from the hydrophilicity of PES, as seen by contact angle and also from the mechanical compaction promoted by the applied pressure, decreasing the membrane permeability [34]. The membranes containing 5% MMT obtained a higher flux, which can be attributed to the interaction between polymer/clay/solvent and the morphology of the membrane, from a larger number of pores and macropores in the porous support of the membrane, as well as a smaller thickness of the filter layer [19].…”

Membranas de nanocompósitos poliméricos com óxido de zinco para o tratamento de efluentes: Revisão de literatura

“…As membranas híbridas tem capacidade de combinar os componentes inorgânicos e orgânicos durante a formação ou polimerização da membrana, oferecendo vantagens em relação ao tratamento de águas e efluentes (Gohil & Ray, 2017). A adição de nanopartículas inorgânicas como a argila (de Medeiros et al, 2017;da Silva Barbosa Ferreira et al, 2019), óxido de zinco (ZnO) (Ponnamma et al, 2019), entre outros, em soluções poliméricas para obter membranas híbridas é uma alternativa para a melhoria de propriedades físico-químicas, além de apresentar bom desempenho em diferentes processos de separação e na dessalinização de águas salobras e salinas (Esfahani et al, 2019). O uso de ZnO para obtenção de membranas de nanocompósitos poliméricos é bastante utilizado, pois melhora as propriedades das membranas e tem se mostrado confiável para purificação e descontaminação de água e efluentes domésticos e industriais.…”