Study on the NaOH/metakaolin Ratio and Crystallization Time for Zeolite a Synthesis from Kaolin Using Statistical Design

Filho, Severino H. da Silva; Bieseki, Lindiane; Maia, Anabela; Treichel, Helen; Angélica, Rômulo Simões; Pergher, Sibele B. C.

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2015-0631

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Then, they should be substituted by alternative sources that add value to materials considered waste for many industries and processes, bringing a new perspective to the production of catalytic materials with an appeal for environmental awareness. It is known from the literature that it is possible to synthesize zeolites from various non-traditional materials containing silicon and aluminium, such as waste porcelain, coal ash or kaolin [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LTA zeolite synthesis using natural materials and its evaluation by Green Star methodology

et al. 2020

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The industrial costs of zeolite synthesis can be diminished by the substitution of traditional raw materials by natural sources. In this work, we obtained LTA zeolite from four natural materials, three different diatomites and expanded perlite, and characterize them by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. It was possible to observe the formation of the zeolitic materials through the identification of the Bragg reflections and the cubic morphology characteristic of the aluminosilicate. The Si/Al ratio of the samples resulted next to the unit as expected for this topology. We found small differences between the zeolitic products, remarking the possibility of adapting this process using natural materials to industry. These results were used for the Green Star evaluation, calculating the synthesis degree of greenness, resulting greener due to the complete substitution of the traditional silica source.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LTA zeolite synthesis using natural materials and its evaluation by Green Star methodology

et al. 2020

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“…For studies of the structure‐directing factors, computational studies are usually employed to elucidate the role of the OSDAs . In some studies, a priori statistical calculus was also performed to find the best synthesis conditions to obtain the most crystalline zeolite, but what if these calculi were used to understand the factors that drive the formation of a certain zeolitic phase? This type of study performed a posteriori to study the effect of new OSDAs may help to elucidate the importance of each parameter in the formation of each phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Structure‐Directing Agents in SAPO Synthesis: The Case of 2‐Ethyl‐1,3,4‐trimethylimidazolium

Vinaches

Pergher

2017

Eur J Inorg Chem

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Structure direction is a key topic in zeolite synthesis. In this work, the organic cation 2‐ethyl‐1,3,4‐trimethylimidazolium was studied for the first time in the synthesis of SAPO zeolite. Concentrated gels and fluoride media were chosen for the synthesis. To understand the formation of the main products, CHA and LTA zeotypes, several statistical calculi were performed, and the results showed that the structure direction of the LTA zeotype was mainly caused by to the organic cation. For SAPO‐CHA, the temperature and a combination of dilution and synthesis time also influenced the formation. The CHA zeotype was studied thoroughly by other techniques such as thermogravimetry, high‐power decoupled (HPDEC) magic‐angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy, and nitrogen sorption. We calculated that this zeotype contains one cation per unit cell and observed that the fluoride medium also directs the structure. The silicon atoms in SAPO‐CHA are present in three states [SiO(4X), SiO(3X), and SiO(1X)], aluminium atoms were found in tetrahedral and octahedral coordination environments, and the phosphorus atoms also had tetrahedral geometries. Textural analysis confirmed the formation of a microporous material with a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface are of 510 m2 g–1 and an external surface of 110 m2 g–1.

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“…(1) Effect of activation temperature. At the test condition 140 ℃/2 M/7 hours, the cation exchange capacity reaches the maximum obtainable of 163.48 meq/100 g. Ji et al [27] mention that at high temperatures a high zeolitic phase crystallinity is achieved due to a complete reaction between NaOH and the solid phases present in the starting material. At this temperature, a complete dissolution of Si and Al, present in the precursor, is achieved and a high formation of zeolite NaP is ensured [28,29] .…”

Section: Gis-nap Zeolite Productionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Application of an experimental design in the hydrothermal synthesis of GIS-NaP zeolite from brickwall wastes

Valdivia

Ale

Gutiérrez

2022

ACE

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This article reports the results of an investigation carried out in order to obtain zeolitic material of the GIS-NaP type with high cation exchange capacity using brick waste. The hydrothermal synthesis was carried out in a stainless-steel reactor using NaOH activating solutions at concentrations of 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 M, activation temperatures of 100, 120 and 140 ℃ and activation times of 7, 8 and 9 hours. The product obtained was characterized by X-ray Fluorescence, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction, and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC).The results obtained showed that for the hydrothermal conversion test at 140 ℃/2 M/7 hours, GIS-NaP synthetic zeolite with a cation exchange capacity equal to 163.5 meq/100 g was obtained. The statistical analysis, applying a factorial experimental design, indicated that the main factors with a great effect on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) are the activation temperature and the interaction between it and the concentration of the activating solution, with a degree of significance of 0.049250 and 0.056631 for a confidence level of 90.82%. An empirical mathematical model was developed and validated by applying ANOVA analysis that considers the interaction effects of all factors and was optimized by applying the response surface methodology.

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Study on the NaOH/metakaolin Ratio and Crystallization Time for Zeolite a Synthesis from Kaolin Using Statistical Design

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

LTA zeolite synthesis using natural materials and its evaluation by Green Star methodology

LTA zeolite synthesis using natural materials and its evaluation by Green Star methodology

Organic Structure‐Directing Agents in SAPO Synthesis: The Case of 2‐Ethyl‐1,3,4‐trimethylimidazolium

Application of an experimental design in the hydrothermal synthesis of GIS-NaP zeolite from brickwall wastes

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