Educational Technologies Devised to Teach Basic Life Support to Adolescents: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Objective: to map the educational technologies devised to teach Basic Life Support to adolescents. Method: a scoping review conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and carried out between May and November 2022, in seven databases and Google Scholar, to answer the following question: “Which are the educational technologies devised/used about Basic Life Support for adolescents?”. By means of inclusion/exclusion criteria, two independent reviewers selected the articles resorting to the EndNote® and Rayyan® software programs. Forms adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute were used for data extraction and methodological analysis. The data were reported by means of the PRISMA-ScR checklist extension and the protocol of this study is published in: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/P87SV. Results: a total of 34 articles were selected, which were organized into six categories of educational technologies: 1) Audiovisual; 2) Computational; 3) Learning kits; 4) Mobile devices; 5) Printed material; and 6) Manufactured. This topic has appeared in publications since 1975, especially in medical journals, mainly by European and North American authors. The materials included were 16 experimental and 18 quasi-experimental trials, of varied methodological quality levels and predominantly conducted with High School students. Conclusion: the educational technologies mapped were as follows: videos, films, Digital Versatile Disc, images, music, audiovisual narratives, games, virtual reality/avatar, web courses, computational software, computer and smartphone apps, task cards and manikins (including manufactured ones). Although there are countless educational technologies on Basic Life Support for adolescents, they have not allowed achieving good levels of practical skills, mainly when they propose to teach ventilation to lay people.