Corpos, gêneros e subjetividades em disputa: reflexões a partir de um caso de violência em uma favela do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

Resumo A partir de uma situação de violência que envolveu um casal de jovens gays, alguns moradores e traficantes do Complexo da Maré, este artigo trata de dinâmicas concernentes à relação entre violência e subjetividade, tendo como horizonte de reflexão o debate acerca das formas de produção de corpos e gêneros. Ao incorporar o convite de W. Benjamin (2013) por uma “crítica da violência”, tal fenômeno será tomado em seu caráter positivo, como um ato performático que produz corpos, moralidades e gêneros naquele contexto. Por fim, corpos, moralidades, gêneros e a própria violência são compreendidos a partir de sua (re) elaboração através do contexto narrativo.

Abjection in extremely gendered colonial organizations: Female military firefighter officers in Brazil

“…Here male and female bodies are constructed differently, with what appear to be more generous standards for women. However, this not only reaffirms the fragility and Otherness of women’s bodies (Carneiro, 2011), establishing a gendered hierarchy of bodily differences (Lopes, 2019), but at the same time includes a test for women that is more demanding than that required of their Olympian counterparts. As such, it works to ensure that many women will never become military firefighters in its reproduction of ‘the dehumanizing structure of [colonial] power’ (Misoczky, 2019: 10).…”

“…All would-be entrants and members are judged using hypermasculinity as a reference. This privileges cis men and cis male bodies, affirming their superior physical strength, with cis women (and transgender and gender non-conforming people) evaluated accordingly as fragile and Other (Carneiro, 2011;Lee et al, 2019;Lopes, 2019;Sasson-Levy, 2008. Sasson-Levy also identifies a degree of homogeneity between military organizations across the world, produced through joint operations or wars, alliances and cooperation and exchange visits.…”

“…Carneiro (2011) agrees that this violence was fomented by the colonialist gender binary, which constructs women as the fragile and incomplete Other to men. Thus, violence and gender exclusion are part of a discursive order originating in the colonialist production of hierarchies and bodily differences between men and women (Lopes, 2019). Pitanguy (1982: 5) suggests that 'the attribution of such qualities [as] opposite removes from the human being its dialectical movement, concealing its integral meaning'.…”

Hegemonic Masculinity and Violence in Gay Couples: A Psychoanalytic Reading

“…In an investigation carried out by Lopes (2019) on the violence suffered by a gay couple in a Rio de Janeiro neighborhood, the author highlights that in hetero patriarchal cultures, homosexual experiences place the subjects who practice it in a position feminized. He also reported that there are mechanisms that tend to place gay subjects within the framework of a kind of "bodies contaminated by the feminine" (LOPES, 2019, p. 19).…”

“…For its part, Lopes (2019) reported that violence against homosexual couples can be interpreted as an attempt to submit to a "feminized nomination" strongly rooted in hegemonic masculinity, that is, in these cases violence could be understood as an act disciplinary against those who stand at the opposite extreme of hegemonic masculinity. In this context, Bourdieu (2000) affirms that when the thought patterns and perceptions of the dominated are structured in correspondence to their own structures of "domination", their acts of knowledge are, inevitably, acts of recognition and submission.…”