Determination of Xaraés Grass Quality Submitted to Irrigation Water Levels and Nitrogen and Potassium Doses

Oliveira, Ednaldo Miranda de; Filho, Jair da Costa Oliveira; Oliveira, Rubens Alves de; Oliveira, Reginaldo Miranda de; Cecon, Paulo Roberto

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v37n1p64-74/2017

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the B2 fraction, fertilized forage (FE) produced less gas than unfertilized forage (NF) because FE contained less fermentable structural carbohydrates (SC). In this study of same-age forages, fertilized grasses contained less NDF and the same amount of lignin as a percentage of dry matter as unfertilized grasses (Table 1), as has been found by others (42,43) . Therefore, there was more lignin as a percentage of the NDF.…”

Section: B1 Fraction = Nds -Asupporting

confidence: 86%

In vitro ruminal degradation of carbohydrate fractions in tropical grasses fertilized with nitrogen

Hernández

Lagunes

Pell

et al. 2020

Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu.

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Our goal was to determine the digestion rates of carbohydrate fractions A (sugars, oligosaccharides and organic acids), B1 (starch and soluble fiber), NSC (non-structural carbohydrates) and B2 (available NDF) in four tropical grasses using the gas production technique. Samples of whole forage (WF), residue insoluble in 90% ethanol (EIR) and isolated NDF (ND) were fermented in vitro and gas production measured. Gas volumes determined from the following fractions, A = WF minus EIR; B1 = EIR - ND; NSC = WF - ND; and B2 = ND. Grasses were Andropogon gayanus, Urochloa brizantha, Cynodon plectostachyus, and Megathyrsus maximum each grown in Veracruz, Mexico on four plots (5×5 m), fertilized (relationship equivalent to 0 and 100 kg N/ha) and clipped 35 d after the N fertilization. A complete randomized block design with factorial arrangement 4×2 and two replicates per treatment was used. Factors were grass species and N fertilization. Data were fit using a single-pool exponential model with lag. The volume (mL gas/100 mg OM), rate (%/h) and lag (h) were: WF (22.8; 5.3; 2.1); A (3.2; 15.7; 0.5); B1 (1.5; 15.7; 0.2); and B2 (18.3; 6.6; 5.2). Andropogon and Urochloa had higher NSC content compared to Megathyrsus and Cynodon but lower gas yield per unit of NSC. Rates of digestion for the B2 fraction ranged from 4 to 8 %/h; and NSC digestion rate averaged 15.7 %/h. Nitrogen fertilization reduced carbohydrate pool sizes but did not affect rates of digestion. It is concluded that ruminally available energy from SC and NSC in tropical forages should be revised more extensively.

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Section: B1 Fraction = Nds -Asupporting

confidence: 86%

In vitro ruminal degradation of carbohydrate fractions in tropical grasses fertilized with nitrogen

Hernández

Lagunes

Pell

et al. 2020

Rev. Mex. Cienc. Pecu.

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“…The highest plant height (41.3 cm) was recorded at the dose of 215 mg dm -3 of potassium, which is translated as a 32% increase when compared with the lack of potassium fertilization. Oliveira et al (2017) in their study on Xaraés Grass (Brachiaria brizantha) subjected the plants to water slides as well as nitrogen and potassium doses, and reported in plant height increase, besides noting that fertilization increased the effect of water used. Plant height is among the chief criteria used for a reasonable pasture management to ascertain animal entry and exit in the region (Barbosa et al, 2007;Pedreira et al, 2007).…”

Section: Plant Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between nitrogen and potassium in fertilization of the piatã grass (Urochloa brizantha): productive and phytometric characteristics

Bonfim-Silva¹,

Morais²,

Pacheco³

et al. 2018

Aust J Crop Sci

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In this study, the aim was to determine the phytometric and productive features of Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Piatã cultivated in Oxisol under the influence of the nitrogen and potassium doses applied. The completely randomized experimental design was adopted in a 5x5 factorial scheme, supplying five doses of nitrogen (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg dm-3) and five doses of potassium (0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 mg dm-3), with four replications. Three shoots were cut at 30-day intervals. Plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, leaf dry mass, stem dry mass and leaf /stem ratio were assessed. The leaf dry mass at the 370, 287 and 259 mg dm-3 doses of nitrogen in combination with the 360 mg dm-3 potassium doses revealed the biggest yields (7.8, 16.9 and 11.5 g pot-1) for the first, second and third cuts, respectively. Therefore, it was revealed that nitrogen and potassium affected the phytometric characteristics in this grass in an isolated manner by doses of nitrogen potassium. The nitrogen and potassium doses interacted positively to present significantly productive characteristics at all the three cutting procedures performed in the Piatã grass when the nitrogen to potassium ratio was maintained at about 1: 1.

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“…being a fluctuating variable given by the underlying SSR HD [54]. Therefore, since C S (r = 0) = W 2…”

Section: Spatial Covariancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kardar-Parisi-Zhang growth on square domains that enlarge nonlinearly in time

Carrasco,

Oliveira

2022

Preprint

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Fundamental properties of an interface evolving on a domain of size L, such as its height distribution (HD) and two-point covariances, are known to assume universal but different forms depending on whether L is fixed (flat geometry) or expands linearly in time (radial growth). The interesting situation where L varies nonlinearly, however, is far less explored and it has never been tackled for two-dimensional (2D) interfaces. Here, we study discrete KPZ growth models deposited on square lattice substrates, whose (average) lateral size enlarges as L = L0 + ωt γ . Our numerical simulations reveal that the competition between the substrate expansion and the increase of the correlation length parallel to the substrate, ξ ct 1/z , gives rise to a number of interesting results. For instance, when γ < 1/z the interface becomes fully correlated, but its squared roughness, W2, keeps increasing as W2 ∼ t 2αγ , as previously observed for 1D systems. A careful analysis of this scaling, accounting for an intrinsic width on it, allows us to estimate the roughness exponent of the 2D KPZ class as α = 0.387(1), which is very accurate and robust, once it was obtained averaging the exponents for different models and growth conditions (i.e., for various γ's and ω's). In this correlated regime, the HDs and covariances are consistent with those expected for the steady-state regime of the 2D KPZ class for flat geometry. For γ ≈ 1/z, we find a family of distributions and covariances continuously interpolating between those for the steady-state and the growth regime of radial KPZ interfaces, as the ratio ω/c augments. When γ > 1/z the system stays forever in the growth regime and the HDs always converge to the same asymptotic distribution, which is the one for the radial case. The spatial covariances, on the other hand, are (γ, ω)-dependent, showing a trend towards the covariance of a random deposition in enlarging substrates as the expansion rate increases. These results considerably generalize our understanding of the height fluctuations in 2D KPZ systems, revealing a scenario very similar to the one previously found in the 1D case.

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Determination of Xaraés Grass Quality Submitted to Irrigation Water Levels and Nitrogen and Potassium Doses

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

In vitro ruminal degradation of carbohydrate fractions in tropical grasses fertilized with nitrogen

In vitro ruminal degradation of carbohydrate fractions in tropical grasses fertilized with nitrogen

Interaction between nitrogen and potassium in fertilization of the piatã grass (Urochloa brizantha): productive and phytometric characteristics

Kardar-Parisi-Zhang growth on square domains that enlarge nonlinearly in time

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