Cyclocephala: visitor and probable pollinator of Caladium bicolor (Araceae).

Pellmyr, Olle

doi:10.1590/1809-43921985152272

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Over 200 species of Cyclocephala have already been reported as flower visitors of Neotropical Araceae (Schatz, 1990). Similarities in all Araceae-Cyclocephala pollination systems lead to the assumption that locally abundant beetle species are involved in the pollination of widespread Araceae, as evidenced in our study and that of Pellmyr (1985).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Previous studies performed by Pellmyr (1985) in the Amazon basin of Surinam have indicated that C. bicolor was mainly visited by Cyclocephala beetles, but no conclusions were made at that time about their effectiveness as pollinators. In his study site, Cyclocephala rustica [Olivier, 1789] was observed as the sole flower visitor (overall mean of 1.1 ± 0.4 [SD] beetles per inflorescence).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Caladium bicolor (Araceae) and Cyclocephala celata (Coleoptera, Dynastinae): A Well‐Established Pollination System in the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Pernambuco, Brazil

Maia

Schlindwein

2006

Plant Biology

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Flowering, pollination ecology, and floral thermogenesis of Caladium bicolor were studied in the Atlantic Rainforest of Pernambuco, NE Brazil. Inflorescences of this species are adapted to the characteristic pollination syndrome performed by Cyclocephalini beetles. They bear nutritious rewards inside well-developed floral chambers and exhibit a thermogenic cycle which is synchronized to the activity period of visiting beetles. Heating intervals of the spadix were observed during consecutive evenings corresponding to the beginning of the female and male phases of anthesis. Highest temperatures were recorded during the longer-lasting female phase. An intense sweet odour was volatized on both evenings. Beetles of a single species, Cyclocephala celata, were attracted to odoriferous inflorescences of C. bicolor and are reported for the first time as Araceae visitors. All the inflorescences visited by C. celata developed into infructescences, whereas unvisited inflorescences showed no fruit development. Findings of previous studies in the Amazon basin of Surinam indicated that Cyclocephala rustica is a likely pollinator of C. bicolor. This leads to the assumption that locally abundant Cyclocephalini species are involved in the pollination of this species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Caladium bicolor (Araceae) and Cyclocephala celata (Coleoptera, Dynastinae): A Well‐Established Pollination System in the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Pernambuco, Brazil

Maia

Schlindwein

2006

Plant Biology

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“…Since these two species can flower at the same time in adjacent populations, the probabilities of pollen exchange are likely to be high. Cyclocephala switching from one species to others in flower have been documented in several Philodendron species and other genera, such as Caladium, Dieffenbachia, Homalomena, Syngonium and Xanthosoma (Valerio, 1984 [28] ; Pellmyr, 1985 [23] ; Young, 1986 [29] ; Croat, 1997 [2] ). Geographical variations of pollinators (Cyclocephala species) visiting the same plant have also been documented (Gottsberger, 1986 [7] ; Croat, 1997 [2] ; Beath, 1999 [1] ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering and Pollination of Philodendron melinonii (Araceae) in French Guiana

2000

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The pollination ecology of Philodendron melinonii was studied at two locations in French Guiana. Inflorescences of P. melinonii were regularly visited by Cyclocephala colasi, a scarab beetle also found in inflorescences of P. solimoesense in the same area. The flowering cycle lasted two days and the inflorescence exhibited features typical for beetle pollination (e.g., floral chamber, food rewards, flower heating). The flowering process is well synchronized with the night activity of Cyclocephala visitors. The spadix temperature was measured during the entire flowering cycle in the field in French Guiana and in greenhouse conditions at the Montreal Botanical Garden. Both measurements gave a similar temperature pattern with a two hour delay at the Botanical Garden. The spadix warmed up twice during the flowering period and its temperature was not significantly different from that of ambient air between the two peaks. These two temperature peaks are also well synchronized with the arrival and departure of the beetles on two consecutive nights.

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“…), D. oerstedii (Valerio 1983) and Montrichardia arborescens (Gibernau et al 2003). Visits by dynastine beetles are also reported in Caladium bicolor (Pellmyr 1985), the genera Homalomena and Syngonium (Mayo et al 1997 and references cited therein) and several species of Xanthosoma (Goldwasser 2000, Morón 1997, Valerio 1988. Dynastine beetles are attracted by olfactory and visual signals (Gottsberger & Silberbauer-Gottsberger 1991) and feed on sterile floral structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Beetle pollination and fruit predation of Xanthosoma daguense (Araceae) in an Andean cloud forest in Colombia

García‐Robledo¹,

Kattan²,

Murcia³

et al. 2004

J. Trop. Ecol.

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This study describes a pollination system in a species of Araceae that involves three species of beetle, one of which is also a fruit predator. In a tropical cloud forest in Colombia, inflorescences of Xanthosoma daguense opened at dusk, releasing a sweet scent and raising their temperature 1–3 °C. Soon after, two species of Scarabaeidae (Dynastinae; Cyclocephala gregaria and C. amblyopsis) and one species of Nitidulidae (Macrostola costulata) arrived with pollen. Cyclocephala beetles remained inside the inflorescence for 24 h. The next night, Cyclocephala beetles left the inflorescence after picking up the freshly shed pollen, almost always moving to the nearest inflorescence available. The probability of inflorescence abortion and number of fruits set after the visit of one individual was equivalent for both Cyclocephala species. However, C. gregaria was much more abundant than C. amblyopsis, so it was the most important pollinator. There was a positive relationship between the number of dynastine visits and the number of fruits produced. Besides carrying pollen to the inflorescences, nitidulid beetles had a negative effect on female reproductive success through fruit predation. Nitidulid larvae developed inside the infructescence and preyed on up to 64% of the fruits. However, 8% of inflorescences not visited by dynastines were probably pollinated by nitidulids, because hand-pollination experiments showed that self-pollination was unlikely. Inflorescences potentially pollinated by nitidulids comprised 25% of the fruit crop in the year of our study. This interaction with a fruit predator that is also a potential pollinator resembles brood-site pollination systems in which pollinators prey on part of the fruit set (e.g. Ficus, senita cacti, Yucca), making this system substantially more complex than previously described dynastine-pollinated systems in aroids.

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Cyclocephala: visitor and probable pollinator of Caladium bicolor (Araceae).

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Caladium bicolor (Araceae) and Cyclocephala celata (Coleoptera, Dynastinae): A Well‐Established Pollination System in the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Pernambuco, Brazil

Caladium bicolor (Araceae) and Cyclocephala celata (Coleoptera, Dynastinae): A Well‐Established Pollination System in the Northern Atlantic Rainforest of Pernambuco, Brazil

Flowering and Pollination of Philodendron melinonii (Araceae) in French Guiana

Beetle pollination and fruit predation of Xanthosoma daguense (Araceae) in an Andean cloud forest in Colombia

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