Vocalizations of primary forest frog species in the Central Amazon.

Acoustic signals, species diagnosis, and species concepts: the case of a new cryptic species of Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae) from the Chapare region, Bolivia

“…There are several published advertisement calls available for Leptodactylus of the marmoratus group of the Amazon Basin, Guianas, and their associated environments (Heyer, 1973; Straughan & Heyer, 1976; Schlüter, 1980; Zimmerman & Bogart, 1984; Schneider, Joermann & Hödl, 1988; Márquez et al ., 1995; Angulo & Icochea, 2003; Angulo et al ., 2003; Boistel, Massary & Angulo, 2006; Kok et al. , 2007); although the taxonomic status of several of these populations still awaits resolution, the distinctive advertisement calls of most of these populations are indicative of their species‐specific nature, and can be used as a means of comparing other populations in the region.…”

Variation and taxonomic clarification of the large species of the Leptodactylus pentadactylus species group (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Middle America, Northern South America, and Amazonia

“…The published data by Schlüter (1980) and Zimmerman and Bogart (1984) for Amazonian calls from Peru and Brazil respectively differ somewhat from the other recordings analyzed (compare Tables 11 and 12). The differences could be due to different analytic techniques.…”

“…The Schneider et al (1988) calls contrast with the calls of Leptodactylus pentadactylus reported by Zimmerman and Bogart (1984) recorded from Reserva Ducke and the INPA-WWF Reserves north of Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The calls and data analyzed by Zimmerman and Bogart (1984) match the variation observed in the other recording data (Tables 11, 12) and contrast with the call described by Schneider et al (1988) in terms of pulse/pulsatile structure. The seemingly obvious explanation is that the Schneider et al (1988) recording represents a different species from those represented by all other known recordings of the L. pentadactylus Unit.…”

“…It is impossible to address this problem by comparing specimens. Therefore, the Schneider et al (1988) recording is considered to be an anomalous recording, probably representing a different species than those represented by the Zimmerman and Bogart (1984) recordings.…”

Biologia reprodutiva, tamanho e dieta de Hypsiboas cinerascens (Anura: Hylidae) em dois fragmentos florestais urbanos na Amazônia Central, Brasil

“…The species is a member of the Hypsiboas punctatus Group and is widely distributed in South America-Guianas and Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia (Frost 2013). The only published information about reproduction indicates that breeding is annual and peaks in the rainy season when males call in small groups (Zimmerman and Bogart 1984) from hidden positions under leaves (Hero 1990, Lima et al 2012. According to reports, this species feeds on small arthropods (Parmelee 1999, Lima et al 2012.…”