Detecção de predadores naturais das larvas de Simulium fulvinotum Cerq. e Mello, 1968 (Diptera, Nematocera) ()

Abstract

Resumo Como a primeira pesquisa sobre estudos ecológicos nos criadouros naturais de simulídeos no Brasil, este trabalho, realizado nas imediações da cidade de Manaus, Estado do Amazonas, objetivou detectar os predadores naturais das larvas de Simulium fulvinotum através dos testes sorológicos de precipitação em tubos capilares (teste não específico para S. fulvinotum) e imunodifusão em agar-gel, aliados às observações de restos larvais de S. fulvinotum nos intestinos dos predadores suspeitos. Larvas de espécies do gênero Macronema (Hydropsychidae) e de Lepidoptera (Nymphulinae, Pyralidae) foram incriminadas pela primeira vez como predadores de simulídeos. Náiades de Libellulidae (Odonata), Perlidae (Plecoplera) e larvas de Corydalidae (Neuroptera) também foram incriminadas como predadoras das larvas de S. fulvinotum em seus criadouros naturais.

Preliminary observations on the patterns of co-occurrence of Black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) larvae and some of their potential macroinvertebrate predators

“…Trichopterans are usually regarded in literature as the main invertebrate predators of black fly larve, specially the families Hydropsychidae, Limnophilidae and Ryacophilidae (Kuralova and Olejnicek, 1985;Schorscher, 1991;Alencar, et al, 1999), so the correlation between Hydropsychidae and Simuliidae abundances is consistent with the literature, although the weight of its effects as predators on black fly larvae, inferring from the correlations and canonical loadings observed, was coherent to what would be expected in Vargem Grande but unexpectedly low in Pau da Fome. Libellulidae has been shown to be a black fly larvae predator in the literature (Gorayeb and Pinger, 1978;Crosskey, 1990), however its effect on black fly larvae populations has not been approached on previous studies, with the exception of Santos-Junior et al(2006), in which the authors verified a small presence of black fly larvae in the stomach content of these organisms which contrasts to the high correlations observed in the present study, suggesting that different drivers other than predation may be influencing this pattern.…”

“…There are already reports in the literature predation on black fly larvae by larvae of Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera), Pyralidae (Lepidoptera), Libellulidae (Odonata) and Perlidae (Plecoptera) has been detected by means of stomach dissection and serological tests (precipitine and immuno difusion) (Gorayeb and Pinger, 1978;Gorayeb and Mok, 1982;Andrade, 1992;Ferreira, 1996).…”

Species richness and spatial distribution of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in streams of Central Amazonia, Brazil

“…Moreira, Pegoraro & Sato, 1994; Coscarón et al ., 1996; Grillet & Barrera, 1997; Hamada & McCreadie, 1999). In Brazil’s Central Amazon region, these studies have focused principally on individual species rather than the whole blackfly community (Gorayeb & Pinger, 1978; Gorayeb, 1981; Gorayeb & Mok, 1982; Dellome Filho, 1983; Lacey & Lacey, 1983; Hamada, 1989, 1993a,b, 1998). The blackfly fauna of streams in Central Amazonia (i.e.…”

Stomach content analysis of potential predators of Simuliidae (Diptera: Nematocera) in two lowland forest streams, Central Amazonia, Brazil

“…In Brazil, few workers have studied predators of black flies, and much of the existing information has been published in abstracts of papers presented at meetings or theses that are not widely circulated. Predation on blackfly larvae by larvae of Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera), Pyralidae (Lepidoptera), Libellulidae, Agrionidae (Odonata), Perlidae (Plecoptera) and Corydalidae (Neuroptera) has been detected by means of stomach dissection and serological tests (precipitine and immunodifusion) (Gorayeb & Pinger 1978, Gorayeb & Mok 1982, Andrade 1992, Ferreira 1996. Hamada (1993) suggested that Hemerodromia sp.…”