Plant extracts with potential to control of two-spotted spider mite

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a species of great economic importance to Brazil. In its control, the main option is the use of synthetic miticides, which, if used indiscriminately, can contaminate the environment, farmers and consumers. In the search for control alternatives, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of plant extracts and essential oils on females of this pest. For this, T. urticae females, reared in laboratory, were sprayed in Potter tower. Fourteen plants were tested in the form of aqueous extracts (AE), hydroethanolic extracts (HE) or essential oils (EO). The experimental plot consisted of a Petri dish with a Canavalia ensiformis L. leaf disk containing five T. urticae females, using ten plates per treatment. Mortality evaluations were performed 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after spraying, recording the number of dead females on the disc and the number of dead females on the moistened cotton. We considered that females found on cotton were repelled by treatments. Matricaria chamomilla L. HE and Pimpinella anisum L. AE have acaricidal effect for females, providing above 83% of mortality, after 120 hours. Origanum vulgare L. HE causes at least 75% mortality after 24 hours. Also 120 hours after spraying, P. anisum HE and O. vulgare AE cause repellency of females above 16%, and A. absinthium HE exceeds 22% for this parameter. The results stimulate further researches to determine the optimum dose and evaluation of additional effects on the fertility of surviving females.

Potential use of essential oils from Origanum vulgare and Syzygium aromaticum to control Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on two host plant species

“…The Origanum genus from this family has been investigated for these effects extensively. For example, O. vulgare essential oil has been demonstrated to have a very high acaricidal effect on adult females of T. urticae at a concentration of 8.52 mg L −1 air ( Mahmoud et al., 2019 ), while its hydroethanolic extract caused 75% of mortality in T. urticae adult females after 24 h in another report ( Tabet et al., 2018 ). The essential oil vapors of O. vulgare at a concentration of 2 µl L −1 air caused a mortality rate of 95% in adults and nymphs of T. urticae in 120 h ( Çalmaşur, Aslan & Şahin, 2006 ).…”

“…& L.M. Perry was effective in the control of T. urticae ( Choi et al., 2004 ; Çalmaşur, Aslan & Şahin, 2006 ; Eldoksch, Ayad & El-Sebae, 2009 ; Roh et al., 2011 ; Hussein, Reda & Momen, 2013 ; Beynaghi et al., 2015 ; Tabet et al., 2018 ; Yeşilayer & Aslan, 2018 ).…”

Suitability of spider mites and green peach aphids as prey for Eriopis connexa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

“…Chemical control is the main method used for controlling populations of mites and aphids 6 – 8 . However, the efficacy of this method is not always effective, since these pests become more prone to evolving pesticide resistance due to their high biotic potential and high genetic variability 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 . Intensification of chemical sprays has led also to environmental pollution, and poisoning risks to farmers and consumers 8 , 9 .…”

Potential use of essential oils from Origanum vulgare and Syzygium aromaticum to control Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on two host plant species

“…The Origanum genus from this family has been investigated for these effects extensively. For example, O. vulgare essential oil has been demonstrated to have a very high acaricidal effect on adult females of T. urticae at a concentration of 8.52 mg L -1 air (Mahmoud et al 2019), while its hydroethanolic extract caused 75% of mortality in T. urticae adult females after 24 h in another report(Tabet et al 2018). The essential oil vapors of O. vulgare at a concentration of 2 µl L −1 air caused a mortality rate of 95% in adults and nymphs of T. urticae in 120 hours(Çalmaşur et al 2006), whereas its vegetable oil achieved a 100% mortality rate at 19 × 10 −3 µl L −1 air concentrations after 24 hours on T. urticae adults(Choi et al 2004).…”