Smart Tourism Destinations: (Mis)Aligning Touristic Destinations and Smart City Initiatives

Abstract

Several tourism destinations around the world have started to implement smart city projects with the aim of improving the standard of living of their citizens, as well as the sustainability of their urban and touristic areas, which motivated the emergence of the concept of smart tourism destination. However, the extant literature on this subject is still incipient. Thus, this article aims to investigate, via an exploratory case study, whether the implementation of a smart city initiative in a touristic destination has helped it be transformed into a smart tourism destination. For that, a smart tourism destination development model is presented and applied as the theoretical lens adopted in this research. The results showed a clear misalignment between the smart city initiative and the touristic destination analyzed, as despite the opportunities arising from the technological infrastructure provided by the smart city project, the touristic sector of the city under analysis was not able to take advantage of the opportunities enabled by the smart city project. Lastly, one concluded that political discontinuity, missing local government tourism strategy and governance, lack of engagement of the citizens, and disregard for the local context were the main reasons for that misalignment.

Smart tourism destination: A bibliometric review

“…Basically, STD, which is defined as the adaptation of the smart city concept to tourism destinations (Ortega & Malcolm, 2020), is one of the research topics that has become the focus and kept up-to-date in the tourism literature (Wang et al, 2013;Chiappa & Baggio, 2015;Vecchio & Passiante, 2017;Ivars-Baidal, et al, 2021). Nowadays, cities around the world have been implementing smart city projects in order to improve the living standards of their citizens and to ensure the sustainability of cities and touristic areas, which is considered a driving factor in considering the concept of STD among important research topics (Cavalheiro et al, 2021). In addition, the fact that technology has a significant impact on the promotion and marketing of tourism destinations and supporting the tourists' mobility in the destination is shown as other factors that are effective in the increasing importance of STDs (Liberato et al, 2018).…”