Assessment of apically extruded debris and irrigant produced by different nickel-titanium instrument systems

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the preparation time and the amounts of apically extruded debris and irrigant using different nickeltitanium instrumentation systems. Forty-five extracted single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were selected and divided into three groups. The root canals were instrumented according to the manufacturers' instructions, using a reciprocating single-file system, a single-file rotary system and a multiple-file rotary system. Bidistilled water was used as the irrigant solution. The apically extruded debris and irrigant were collected into preweighed Eppendorf tubes. The amounts of extruded debris and irrigant were assessed with a precision micro-balance. The Eppendorf tubes were incubated at 37°C for 15 days. After the incubation period, they were weighed again to assess the debris extrusion. The time required to prepare the canals was also recorded. The results were statistically analyzed using MANOVA and Bonferroni's adjustment. Considering the apically extruded debris and irrigant, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups (p > 0.05). The Reciproc group produced the highest debris (0.000632 ± 0.000162 gr) and irrigant (0.844587 ± 0.437814 ml) extrusion values. While the least extruded debris was observed with OneShape (0,000431 ± 0,000171 gr), the least extruded irrigant was observed with ProTaper system (0.564147 ± 0.370596 ml). Instrumentation was faster using the Reciproc than the other two instruments (70.27 ± 13.38 s) (p < 0.05). All of the instrumentation systems used in this study produced apical debris and irrigant extrusion. The reciprocating single-file system tended to produce more debris and irrigant extrusion, compared with the rotary systems. Considering the preparation time, the single-file systems appeared to be advantageous due to their working time.

Effects of Different Rotary Files Combined with Different Irrigation Needles on Apically Extruded Debris

“…It is important to emphasize that file systems were compared in an experimental model using that collected apically extruded debris from extracted teeth. This methodology is generally accepted and has been used previously (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)20). Although the technique allows a comparison of the file systems under identical conditions, it does have limitations (24).…”

“…Teeth where the tip of the file extruded beyond the apical foramen were excluded (3,4). A similar experimental model described previously was used for determining extruded debris (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)20). Stoppers were separated from the Eppendorf tubes.…”

“…Irrigants, dentin chips, pulp tissue and microorganisms may be extruded into the periradicular tissues during this step, and these extruded materials may cause postoperative pain and complications (1,2). Previous studies have reported that all preparation techniques and instruments are associated with some debris extrusion apically (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris Using Continuous Rotation, Reciprocation, or Adaptive Motion

“…Forty-five extracted human maxillary canines of similar length were selected. The sample size was determined based on similar studies (21)(22)(23) in the literature. Calculus and soft-tissue remnants were removed mechanically from the external root surface, and digital radiographs were taken from mesiodistal and buccolingual directions to determine root canal morphology.…”

A Comparative Study of the Amount of Apically Extruded Debris After Using Different Types of Glide Path Files

“…Thirty freshly extracted mandibular first molars extracted for periodontal reasons with mesiobuccal canals of moderate curvature (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) according to schneider's technique (9) were used.…”