Tolerance of peanut (Arachis hypogea) genotypes to salt stress in the initial phase

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the emergence, growth, biomass accumulation and tolerance of peanut genotypes under salt stress. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), evaluating six peanut genotypes (Tatuí, L7151, Caiapó, IAC8112, IAC881 and Havana), which were subjected to two levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5 [control] and 3.5 dS m-1), arranged in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, in a randomized block design, with five repetitions, with two plants per plot. Plants were cultivated for 30 days after sowing in lysimeters with capacity for 0.5 dm3, filled with a mixture of non-saline, non-sodic soil and commercial substrate in 1:1 proportion on volume basis. During this period, plants were evaluated for emergence, growth, biomass accumulation, tolerance to salinity and dissimilarity. The genotypes Tatuí and L7151 are the most sensitive to salt stress in the emergence stage. Irrigation with high-salinity water reduced the growth and biomass accumulation of the peanut genotypes, and Caiapó and IAC8112 were the least affected. The classification of salinity tolerance had the following sequence: Caiapó > IAC8112 > Havana > Tatuí > IAC881 > L7151.

Gas exchange and growth of peanut crop subjected to saline and water stress

“…This reduction in the number of leaves may be associated with morphological strategies that the plant develops under stress conditions that induce reduced leaf expansion, causing stomatal closure, and the consequent reduction in the availability of CO 2 to the leaves (Silva Júnior et al, 2021;Sousa et al, 2021b). Comparable results to the present study were reported by Sá et al (2020), who evaluated genotypes of peanuts subjected to different levels of salinity, with a reduction in the number of leaves when saline levels increased.…”

Production and water use efficiency of peanut under salt stress and soil cover

“…Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an oilseed crop of wide utilization as food, with high importance both in the socioeconomic sphere and in the food field not only in Brazil, but also in the world (SANTOS et al, 2012b;SÁ et al, 2020). According to an estimate by the National Supply Company (CONAB, 2020), the average yield of the peanut crop in Brazil, in 2020, was 3,564 kg ha -1 .…”

Phosphorus doses alter the ionic homeostasis of cowpea irrigated with saline water

“…In the Brazilian semi-arid region, cowpea is widely cultivated under rainfed conditions during raining periods and under irrigated conditions during the dry season, mainly in the irrigated perimeters of this region (Freitas et al, 2019). Irrigation in the semi-arid region is usually performed using saline water with high concentrations of sodium chloride salts (Medeiros et al, 2003;Sá et al, 2020). The use of saline water in agriculture poses high risks of salinization and environmental degradation of soils, since salinity is an environmental stress that limits crop yield, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions (Praxedes et al, 2010;Sá et al, 2017).…”