Nitrogen and potassium fertigation in bell pepper cultivated in greenhouse using fertigation managements

Abstract

A B S T R A C TThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of different managements of fertigation and NK doses on the production of bell pepper fruit in a protected environment. The experimental design was randomized blocks in 3 x 5 factorial. The treatments were formed by the combination of three managements of fertigation (M 1 -Based on the rate of absorption; M 2 -Monitoring the electrical conductivity of the soil solution; M 3 -Monitoring concentrations of N and K ions in the soil solution), with five doses of NK (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200% of the recommended dose) and four replicates. Six samples were collected and the following variables were evaluated: number, length and diameter of fruit, pulp thickness and fruit production. Except for diameter, all variables were affected by the interaction between the studied factors. The fertigation management by monitoring and controlling the ionic concentration of the soil solution is more efficient in the production of bell pepper. The fertigation management can be performed more efficiently from the managements M2 or M3, with NK doses of 144 and 165%, respectively, of the recommended concentration for the hydroponic cultivation of bell pepper.Fertirrigação nitrogenada e potássica no cultivo do pimentão em ambiente protegido utilizando manejos de fertirrigação R E S U M O Objetivou-se, com o trabalho, avaliar o efeito de diferentes manejos de fertirrigação e níveis de NK na produção de frutos de pimentão em ambiente protegido. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados em arranjo fatorial 3 x 5 em que os tratamentos foram formados pela combinação de três manejos de fertirrigação (M 1 -Fertirrigação a partir da marcha de absorção; M 2 -Monitoramento da condutividade elétrica da solução do solo; M 3 -Monitoramento da concentração de íons de N e K na solução do solo), com cinco níveis de NK (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200% da dose recomendada) e quatro repetições. Foram realizadas seis colheitas e avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: número, comprimento e diâmetro de frutos, espessura de polpa e produção de frutos. Com exceção do diâmetro, todas as variáveis foram afetadas pela interação entre os fatores estudados. O manejo da fertirrigação através do monitoramento e controle da concentração iônica da solução do solo proporcionou maior produção de frutos. A maior produtividade de frutos de pimentão pode ser obtida utilizandose fertirrigação com os manejos M2 ou M3, em níveis de NK de 144 e 165%, respectivamente, da concentração recomendada para o cultivo de pimentão hidropônico.

Influence of the K+ and Ca2+ on the Presence of Sugars in the Phloem, and Growth Parameters in Capsicum

“…The fruit yield in the first year was 21-25 fruits per plant. Although there was no statistically significant difference for the number of fruits, it is similar to the studies of Oliveira et al, 2013 andNunes-Júnior et al, 2017, who obtained 20 And 24 fruits in their best treatment respectively, the yield was 3.2 -4.2 kg/plant, that was superior to results obtained by Azofeifa and Moreira (2005) Table 4. Reducing sugars (glucose + fructose) analyzed in plants from year one showed a trend of lower concentration in low doses of K + throughout the stages of development with values ranging from 28-38 g/L which coincides with Flores et al (2004) who obtained values of 29-32 g/L with no significant difference, also the author report a strong relationship of sugars with the production of antioxidants, this trend may be due to producing antioxidants in fruits with more sugar (Lester et al, 2010), which means a better use of sugars In the production of fruit (Ramí rez et al, 2010).…”

“…In the second year, it was confirmed that the K + /Ca 2+ treatment, 27/53, showed the lowest sugar content during the production stage, which coincides with Rolland et al (2006), who mention that sugars play an important role in plant regulatory functions and can accumulate if necessary. The highest fruit yield was obtained by this treatment, indicating that the low dose of potassium is sufficient to obtain the production potential (Nunes-Júnior et al, 2017).…”

“…In Mexico, bell pepper is produced mainly in the northwestern and part of the central regions, with a national production of 206,227 tons, of which Sinaloa contributes 175,694 tons, or 86% of the national total. Plant nutrition is determinant to increase yields, however, nutrient excess causes contamination of soils and waters (Oliveira et al, 2013) and the actual tendency is to replace traditional methods of nutrition for more sustainable management techniques on profitable crops, especially horticultural crops grown in protected systems (Khan and Shah, 2011;Nunes-Júnior et al, 2017).…”

Fruit Yield and Antioxidant Activity of Pepper Genotypes Subjected to Nitrogen Doses

“…In C. annuum, fruit yield varies between 290-650 g per plant (Nunes Júnior et al, 2017). In C. chinense, fruit yield is similar, ranging from 280-570 g per plant (Domenico et al, 2012).…”

Desempenho de cultivares de pimentão colorido sob diferentes concentrações de solução nutritiva

“…The highest mean value was obtained at the concentration of 75% of the nutrient solution (14.80 g plant -1 ), with the lowest result at the concentration of 125% (8.10 g plant -1 ). The high use of fertilizers can lead to soil and/or substrate salinity (Nunes Junior et al, 2017), causing reductions in the production and root development of bell pepper plants. This has also been observed by other authors in hydroponic cultivation (Cosme et al, 2011;Gomes et al, 2011) with tomato crop.…”