Agronomic aspects of soybean plants subjected to deficit irrigation

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of soybean plants subjected to irrigation management with controlled water deficits in different phenological stages. The research was conducted in an experimental area of the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), in Palmas-TO, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates, and treatments arranged in a split-plot scheme. The plots consisted of irrigation levels that induced plants to water deficit in the vegetative stage, reproductive stage and throughout the entire cycle, based on potential crop evapotranspiration (ETpc). The subplots corresponded to two soybean cultivars (M9144RR and TMG1288RR). The following agronomic variables were evaluated: days until flowering, days until maturation, plant height, first pod height, number of pods per plant, stem diameter, leaf area and yield. Irrigation management with moderate water deficit, 50% of ETpc, in the vegetative stage, promoted the best agronomic characteristics and contributed to increase the yield of the evaluated soybean cultivars, especially M9144RR.

Productive performance of soybean plants originated from seed lots with increasing vigor levels

“…Positive vigor-related effects on plant height were already reported in several studies (Panozzo et al, 2009;Scheeren et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2013). However, up until now, no papers had connected plant growth throughout the crop B A C D E cycle to the employment of seed lots with increasing vigor levels.…”

“…Regarding the number of pods per plant (NPP), the genotypes responded linearly to the augment of the vigor levels, in both crop years considered. The NPP is a key yield component, which was deemed by some authors as the central aspect related to the expansion of grain yield (Dalchiavon and Carvalho, 2012;Nico et al, 2015;Nunes et al, 2016).…”

“…Another point of concern is the low uniformity of the plants, which may reduce the effectiveness of crop practices (Cantarelli et al, 2015). Soybean grain yield is assembled throughout the crop cycle, as the components directly related to productivity are formed at different phases (Dalchiavon and Carvalho, 2012;Glier et al, 2015).On top of that, the usage of seeds with high physiological quality reflects positively not only on individual plants, but on the community as a whole, as verified by Panozzo et al (2009), , Schereen et al (2010), Silva et al (2013), and Tavares et al (2013).…”

“…The physiological quality of seeds is a widely discussed theme due to its uttermost importance in agriculture. The effects of physiological quality on various aspects, such as initial growth, performance, plant uniformity, and grain yield have been extensively studied (Panozzo et al, 2009;Scheeren et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2013;Tavares et al, 2013;Cantarelli et al, 2015).…”

Ciências Rurais em Foco – Volume 2

“…A época de semeadura tem maior efeito na produção do que qualquer outra técnica cultural (Ferrari; Paz; Silva, 2015). O estado de Mato Grosso apresenta grande potencial agrícola e se destaca por realizar duas safras anuais, mas isso vem se tornando difícil pois as variabilidades climáticas causam incertezas na escolha da melhor época de semeadura não só para a primeira safra, mas também pensando em uma ampliação da janela de semeadura para a segunda safra (Nunes et al 2016).…”