Mapeamento do ambiente térmico de aviários de postura abertos em sistema vertical de criação

Abstract

R E S U M OObjetivou-se, com este trabalho monitorar, em tempo real, o ambiente térmico de um aviário de postura e realizar o mapeamento completo da distribuição das variáveis temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar e índice de temperatura e umidade no alojamento. O trabalho foi conduzido no mês de janeiro de 2013 em uma granja comercial de aves de postura, sistemas verticais, com seis andares de gaiolas. O aviário é totalmente automatizado possuindo 100.000 aves alojadas na densidade de 300 cm 2 ave -1 . A partir dos dados coletados foram determinadas as médias de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar para período diurno e noturno de diferentes posições na instalação. Os mapas térmicos resultantes demostram que ocorreu uma variabilidade térmica em diferentes posições espaciais no interior do aviário, com a região central apresentando temperaturas superiores às das extremidades porém dentro da faixa de conforto térmico das aves considerando a situação de temperaturas mé-dias, durante calor extremo a temperatura interna na instalação alcançou 33 o C. A umidade relativa do ar apresentou pequenas variações durante o dia e maiores no período da noite. Em relação ao índice de temperatura e umidade a maior parte da instalação permaneceu dentro da faixa de conforto. Mapping the thermal environment of aviaries of open posture in vertical creation system A B S T R A C TThe objective of this work was to monitor, in real time, the thermal environment of an avian posture and to perform a complete mapping of the distribution of the variables air temperature, relative humidity and temperature and humidity index in the housing. The study was conducted in January 2013 in a commercial farm of laying hens, vertical systems, with six floors of cage. The aviary is fully automated, having 100.000 birds housed in density of 300 cm 2 bird -1 . The collected data were analysed for the average temperature and relative humidity during day and nighttime and for different positions at the facility. The resulting thermal maps show that there was a temperature variation at different spatial positions within the poultry house, the central region having higher temperature in comparison to border but within the range of thermal comfort of the birds, considering the situation of average temperatures during extreme heat the internal temperature reached 33 o C in the installation. The relative humidity showed little variation during the day and highest in the evening. Regarding the temperature and moisture content, the greater part of the plant remained within the comfort range. Palavras-chave:avicultura de postura distribuição térmica conforto térmico

Use of Protection Screen in Conventional Aviaries (Californian Type) for Laying Hens

“…The central corridor presented lower values of wind speed owing to the resistance to airflow caused by the batteries of cages installed on each side of the corridor. The results corroborate with those observed by Coelho et al (2015), which evidenced a temperature gradient between the internal and external regions of the battery cages caused by, among other factors, reduced ventilation. Means followed by different letters in the line differ from each other by the Tukey test at the 5% probability level.…”

“…yijkl = µ + ti + bj + γij + ck + tcik + εijk + pl + tpil + cpkl + tcpikl + еijkl 4RESULTS AND DISCUSSION For V, the significant difference (p <0.01, test F) in the screen treatment and in the corridor treatment were verified in the two cages (with Hyline W-36 and Dekalb Brown strains of hens).It was found that the use of the screen to surround the outer perimeter of the cage resulted in lower mean V values than those observed in the nonscreened area (Table 1). These results agree well with those observed by Coelho et al (2015), which indicate that this may be detrimental to bird welfare, because ventilation is an efficient means of attenuating the thermal discomfort suffered by birds (Medeiros et al, 2005), owing to the increase of the heat transfer rate by convection. Lourençoni et al (2015) observed that the use of cage screens for laying hens altered the levels of gases such as CO2 and NH3, probably because of the reduction of ventilation inside the cage.…”

Thermal comfort monitoring in aviaries by a real-time data acquisition system

“…Recent experimental approaches to evaluate thermal comfort in broilers include: the use of thermal imaging (Nascimento et al, 2014) associated with the usual/typical variables, but requires high-cost measuring instruments and no records in real-time; obtaining thermal maps via real-time environment monitoring using 50 temperature sensors and 18 6. Temperature (left) and airflow speed (right), numerical (top) versus experimental (bottom); Boundary condition -Heat flux (q'' = 81.8 W m -2 ) and airflow (m = 9.7 kg s -1 ; P outlet = 30 Pa) for RH (Coelho et al, 2015); thermography for animal health (footpad dermatitis) enabling diagnosis of not visible injuries (Jacob et al, 2016); enthalpy mapping in poultry barns (Ferraz et al, 2016); use of LED -light emitting diodes to improve energy efficiency, i.e., lower electricity consumption, in aviaries (Thomson & Corscadden, 2018); CFD flow simulation for ventilation systems evaluation in poultry barns (Curi et al, 2017); development and construction of PIC microcontroller (Peripherical Interface Controller) for variables supervision and control via commercial software and hardware (Proteus ISI Professional v.8 and MATLAB v. 7.8) (Alecrim et al, 2017).…”

Índice de temperatura e umidade para o desenvolvimento da avicultura no Nordeste de Mato Grosso

“…Segundo esses autores, a adoção de aviários climatizados no país poderá favorecer o crescimento da produção em regiões brasileiras mais quentes, como a Centro-Oeste. Conforme Barbosa Filho (2004), Mendes et al (2008), Nascimento et al (2011 O conforto térmico do ambiente em instalações zootécnicas pode ser avaliado aplicando-se diversos critérios, entretanto, o índice de temperatura e umidade tem sido um dos mais utilizados (BIAGGIONI et al, 2008;SANGALI et al, 2014;COELHO et al, 2015;ARAUJO et al, 2017;SOUZA et al, 2018). Assim, esta pesquisa fundamenta-se na hipótese de que a determinação do referido índice poderá auxiliar na tomada de decisões para a implantação de aviários no nordeste de Mato Grosso.…”