Reforma política no Brasil: indagações sobre o impacto no sistema partidário e na representação

Abstract

Resumo: Os efeitos produzidos pelo método de converter votos em cadeiras têm estado no centro do debate brasileiro desde a Constituição de 1988 e a reforma política nunca deixou a agenda do debate político, dentro e fora da academia. Os argumentos, no geral, dizem respeito ao fortalecimento dos partidos e ao aumento da accountability eleitoral. Este artigo se propõe a analisar os efeitos de mudanças dos distritos eleitorais. Essas questões estão inscritas em uma discussão mais ampla sobre os impactos do sistema eleitoral no sistema político, bem como sobre o equilíbrio delicado entre governabilidade e representação.Consequentemente, estão diretamente relacionadas à qualidade do sistema democrático.Palavras-chave: reforma política; partidos políticos; sistema eleitoral; distrito uninominal; lista fechada Abstract: The effects produced by the method to convert votes into legislative seats have been at the center of the debate in Brazil since the 1988 Constitution, and since then political reform has never left the agenda of the political debate, both inside and outside of the university. The arguments are, in general, the strengthening of parties and the increase of electoral accountability.This article proposes to analyze the effects of changing the electoral districts. These issues are inscribed in a larger discussion about the impacts of the electoral system on the political system, as well as about the delicate balance between governability and representation. Consequently, they are directly related to the quality of the democratic system.

DP 0255 - ‘Robin Hood in Reverse’: persistence and barriers to redistributive fiscal policy

“…Besides, in the same elections, self-financing corresponded to 10% of electoral funding, which usually is supplied by the wealthiest candidates (Mancuso, 2015). These facts reinforce the next part of the causal mechanisms (figure 2) which consists of the candidates seeking private funding or, in the case of wealthy politicians, investing a considerable amount of their own money in their campaigns (Silva et al, 2015).…”

“…In this sense, the literature argues that the system induces the candidates to compete not only against other parties' rivals but also against members of their coalition (Nicolau, 2013;Mancuso, Horochovski and Camargo, 2016). This situation increases 'Robin Hood in Reverse': persistence and barriers to redistributive fiscal policy the level of competition, including among party associates (Silva and Cervi, 2017), that together with the large size of the electoral district (Silva et al, 2015;Silva and Cervi, 2017) and the universalization and mandatory voting, make the campaigns more and more expensive.…”

Brazil, Racial Democracy? The Plight of Afro-descendent Women in Political Spaces

“…Similarly, the Brazil Communications Company (EBC, 2015a(EBC, , 2015b(EBC, , 2015c in association with the Senate launched a 'Your Vote Makes Congress' campaign. Furthermore, Silva, Davidian, Freitas, and Donizete Cazzolato (2015) consider this further in light of numerous corruption scandals in Brazil, argues that 'the corruption scandals, added to other "dysfunctions" of public power, build a consensus that the methods of representative' election must change, to improve the overall quality of representation. We suggest that any such change should promote access for Brazilian women À and particularly, Afro-descendent women À to the political sphere.…”

Crowdfunding e desempenho eleitoral no Brasil: análise estatística das eleições para deputado federal em 2018

“…Por fim, a Emenda Constitucional 97/2017, que instituiu o fim das coligações partidárias nas eleições proporcionais, que já foi implementada nas eleições municipais de 2020, terá sua primeira aplicação em eleições gerais de 2022. São conhecidos os efeitos desse tipo de configuração sobre o sistema eleitoral e partidário (Carreirão & Nascimento, 2010;P. Silva, Davidian, Freitas & Cazzolato, 2015).…”