Characterization and Classification of Soils under Forest and Pasture in an Agroextractivist Project in Eastern Amazonia

Zenero, Mariana Delgado Oliveira; Silva, Laura Fernanda Simões da; Castilho, Selene Cristina de Pierri; Vidal, Alix; Grimaldi, Michel; Cooper, Miguel

doi:10.1590/18069657rbcs20160165

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In general, important differences were observed in the soil attributes and K s between land-cover classes. These differences could be related to many factors such as intensity of past land use [4,23], spatial and topographic variations in soil types along the toposequences [63,64], density and diversity of plants, root system, vegetation type, canopy cover and soil faunal activity, among others [19]. Unfortunately, the influence of these factors on soil attributes and K s after forest restoration is poorly understood and needs to be included in future studies.…”

Section: Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Previous Land Use Affects the Recovery of Soil Hydraulic Properties after Forest Restoration

Lozano-Baez

Cooper

Ferraz

et al. 2018

Water

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Knowledge of soil hydraulic properties after forest restoration is essential for understanding the recovery of hydrological processes, such as water infiltration. An increase of forest cover may improve water infiltration and soil hydraulic properties, but little is known about the response and extent to which forest restoration can affect these properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of forest restoration on surface-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity (K s ), and to verify the K s recovery to the pre-disturbance soil conditions. We sampled field K s at the surface in Campinas municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil, at 18 plots under three land-cover types: (i) a pasture; (ii) a restored forest using a high-diversity mix of plantings (85 regional native species) of 9 years of age; and (iii) a remnant forest patch. We used the Beerkan method for soil hydraulic characterization. Bulk density (ρ b ), soil organic carbon content (OC), soil porosity and particle size data were also sampled. We found considerable differences in soil hydraulic properties between land-cover classes. The highest K s were observed in remnant forest sites and the lowest K s were associated with pasture sites. The K s recovery differs markedly between restored forests. Our results strongly suggest that soil attributes and K s recovery are influenced by the duration and intensity of land use prior to forest restoration. Attention needs to be given to management activities before, during and after forest restoration, especially where the soil is still compacted and K s is low.

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Section: Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Previous Land Use Affects the Recovery of Soil Hydraulic Properties after Forest Restoration

Lozano-Baez

Cooper

Ferraz

et al. 2018

Water

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“…Acidity in soils can be attributed to several factors, such as soil source material, loss of basic cations in crops, relief characteristics, CO 2 and water reaction products, and cation removal by precipitation (Eyre, 1963;Van Breemen;Mulder, Driscoll, 1983). Thus, acidic soils are common in regions of tropical climate, where high rainfall contributes to alkaline ions being leached and replaced in colloids with H + ions (Schoonover and Crim, 2015;Zenero et al, 2016). BP3 presents a humid subtropical climate with average temperature in the coldest month below 18ºC and average temperature in the warmer month above 22ºC, with hot summers, uncommon frosts and tendency of rainfall concentration in the summer months, however, without dry season defined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parâmetros Físicos e Químicos de Referência em Solos de Unidades de Conservação Florestal da Bacia do Paraná 3, Brasil (Physical and Chemical Parameters of Reference Soils in Forest Conservation Units of the Paraná Basin 3, Brazil)

Bocardi

Pletsch

Rocha

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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The characterization of standard pedological parameters in forest soils, free of anthropogenic contamination, is important, since it allows the variables analyzed to serve as the natural base level of a given region. In a country as large as Brazil, with different climates, reliefs and vegetation, each state should independently seek its own reference values in relation to the characteristics of the soils. In order to obtain basic information about soil physical and chemical properties in the Paraná Basin 3 (BP3), 73 soil samples were collected in Conservation Units and Forest Remnants. The samples were air dried, texture and chemical attributes, pH in water; organic carbon (OC), K + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Al 3+ , H+Al, and P were determined (EMBRAPA, 1997). From the results obtained, the cation exchange capacity (CEC) at pH 7 and base saturation percentage (V%) were calculated. The data obtained were statistically evaluated through Principal Component Analysis, which showed the separation of the samples into three distinct groups according to their similarities. Among the characteristics studied, it was possible to verify the predominance of the Latosol, Nitosol and Neosol classes, which together added up to 92% of the total samples. The pH of the samples ranged from extremely acidic to almost neutral. Most of the samples showed a negative association between clay content and CEC. BP3 soils had a mean OC content of 23.60 g / kg and a positive association with CEC.

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“…When WFPS was below 50 %, which in the evaluated soils was predominant from May/June to September/October, N 2 O fluxes were low or negative, further highlighting the role of soil moisture related to N 2 O emissions. Once the soils under native forest in the Amazon have high values of macroporosity (Zenero et al, 2016), what allows a free drainage that triggered WFPS majority below 50 % throughout the assessment time (Figure 1b). Even so, in the soil under native forest fragment was observed higher N 2 O fluxes than from forest system, which may be a result of the heterotrophic nitrification since forest fragment has features to trigger the process (Zhang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide emissions from a tropical Oxisol under monocultures and an integrated system in the Southern Amazon – Brazil

Nascimento¹,

Rodrigues²,

Silveira³

et al. 2020

Revista Brasileira De Ciência Do Solo

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Although agriculture and livestock systems represent important sources of N 2 O from the soil, they may also aid in emissions mitigation, mainly when integrated systems are taken into account, such as crop-livestock-forest, for food production. This work assessed the soil N 2 O emissions from a tropical Oxisol under row-crop, livestock, forest monocultures, and an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Southern Amazon-Brazil. Soil N 2 O emissions were measured using static chambers from November 2014 to October 2016 in four soil use systems [row-crop, livestock, forest, and integrated crop-livestock-forest (CLF)], and in a reference area under native forest fragment. For the whole period, the average of soil N 2 O fluxes was 16.9, 12.2, and 15.4 µg N 2 ON m-2 h-1 , to row-crop, livestock, and CLF systems, respectively, all with a similar average among them. The lowest fluxes were observed in the forest system and native forest fragment, with average fluxes of 4.0 and 6.3 µg N 2 ON m-2 h-1 , respectively, both lower than the agricultural systems. The largest soil N 2 O fluxes were observed throughout the rainy seasons in the row-crop, livestock, and CLF, mostly after N-fertilizer application to the soil surface or in the planted row. As a consequence, the cumulative emissions were greater in row-crop, livestock, and CLF systems, which in the averages of two cycles emitted respectively 1.40, 1.15, and 1.27 kg N 2 ON ha-1 yr-1 , all different of the forest system and native forest fragment (0.33 and 0.52 kg N 2 ON ha-1 yr-1 , respectively). Nitrogen fertilization and soil moisture influenced soil N 2 O emissions of all systems assessed in the Southern Amazon. The N 2 O emissions took place after both factors were met, corroborating the hole-in-the-pipe model. Even with more soil use intensification, once in the same area there were three cultures in succession during a year and perennial trees, CLF did not lead to greater N 2 O emissions from the soil than row-crop and livestock. Thus, CLF represents a good option for N 2 O mitigation for the edaphic and climatic conditions of the Southern Amazon.

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Characterization and Classification of Soils under Forest and Pasture in an Agroextractivist Project in Eastern Amazonia

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Previous Land Use Affects the Recovery of Soil Hydraulic Properties after Forest Restoration

Previous Land Use Affects the Recovery of Soil Hydraulic Properties after Forest Restoration

Parâmetros Físicos e Químicos de Referência em Solos de Unidades de Conservação Florestal da Bacia do Paraná 3, Brasil (Physical and Chemical Parameters of Reference Soils in Forest Conservation Units of the Paraná Basin 3, Brazil)

Nitrous oxide emissions from a tropical Oxisol under monocultures and an integrated system in the Southern Amazon – Brazil

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