Macronutrient Uptake and Removal by Upland Rice Cultivars with Different Plant Architecture

Abstract

Modern high-yielding rice cultivars possibly take up and remove greater quantities of macronutrients than traditional and intermediate cultivars. This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating the extraction and removal of macronutrients by upland rice cultivars. These information are of utmost importance for the correct fertilizer management. The treatments consisted of three upland rice cultivars (Caiapó, a traditional type; BRS Primavera, an intermediate type; and Maravilha, a modern type). Macronutrient accumulation by rice cultivars up to the end of tillering (46 DAE) accounted for only 25 % of the total N and P, and between 35-45 % of the total K, Ca, Mg, and S; after that time, accumulation was intensified. In all of the cultivars, the period of greatest nutrient uptake occurred from 45 to 60 DAE for K, Ca, Mg, and S, and after 65 DAE for N. Phosphorus was taken up at greater rates at 70 DAE by the cultivar BRS Primavera and after 90 DAE by the cultivars Caiapó and Maravilha. The cultivars of the traditional (Caiapó) and intermediate (BRS Primavera) groups took up greater amounts of Ca (143 kg ha ); however, this was lower than the grain yield of cultivar BRS Primavera (6,010 kg ha -1 ). Cultivars with greater yield levels did not necessarily exhibit a greater uptake and removal of nutrients per area, even if they had greater capacity for conversion of the nutrients taken up into the biomass.

Micronutrient and Silicon Uptake and Removal by Upland Rice Cultivars with Different Plant Architecture

“…The full details of these topics were presented by Crusciol et al (2016). (Santos et al, 2013) or Typic Rhodudalf (Soil Survey Staff, 2006).…”

“…The treatments consisted of cultivars of upland rice with different plant architecture (Caiapó -traditional group; BRS Primavera -intermediate group; and Maravilha -modern group) and eleven (11) plant sampling (assessment) times (39,46,55,67,75,83,92,102,111,118, and 125 days after emergence -DAE). The information about the size, shape and useful area of plots and split-plots, and details about the upland rice cultivars was presented by Crusciol et al (2016 was applied. The N, P and K were applied as the fertilizers urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride, respectively.…”

“…The N, P and K were applied as the fertilizers urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride, respectively. The information about the management of irrigation, weeds, pests and diseases was provided in detail by Crusciol et al (2016).…”

“…A complete description of plant sampling and obtaining of dry matter (DM) data were presented in Crusciol et al (2016). In the dry samples, the concentrations of B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were determined according to methodology proposed by Malavolta et al (1997), while Si concentration was determined according to the method proposed by Korndörfer et al (2004).…”

“…In the dry samples, the concentrations of B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were determined according to methodology proposed by Malavolta et al (1997), while Si concentration was determined according to the method proposed by Korndörfer et al (2004). Based on micronutrient and Si concentrations and on the amounts of DM accumulated by Crusciol et al (2016), the amounts of micronutrients and Si accumulated in each plant part were calculated. Accumulation rates of micronutrients and Si in panicles and shoot, and the extraction of these nutrients per Mg of grain were calculated as documented for the macronutrient accumulation in Crusciol et al (2016).…”