Hacia una reconceptualización del acoso callejero

Abstract

Resumen: En este trabajo se examinan las distintas conceptualizaciones sobre el acoso callejero existentes en dos cuerpos teóricos, la literatura feminista y la de crímenes de odio, que presentan nudos críticos que dificultan la comprensión del fenómeno. Dichos nudos críticos son identificados, expuestos y revisados. Se plantea que, pese a estos nudos, ambos cuerpos teóricos presentan elementos que enriquecen su capacidad explicativa sobre el fenómeno del acoso callejero. Este artículo propone una reconceptualización del acoso callejero a partir de la unión de los dos cuerpos teóricos mencionados. Este trabajo contribuye al debate sobre el acoso callejero, y más ampliamente sobre la violencia, poniendo en el centro del análisis la teoría de la interseccionalidad.

Inclusive Cities: Healthy Cities for All

“…Additionally and importantly for the region, sexual harassment experienced by women and gender minorities in public spaces and public transport is socially normalized and particularly widespread in Latin America (Jaitman, 2020;Larkin, 1997;Onetto and Onetto, 2019). Evidence from Barranquilla, Colombia, reveals that overcrowded buses have the greatest negative effect on the perceived risk of experiencing harassment (Orozco-Fontalvo et al, 2019).…”

Street Sexual Harassment: Experiences and Attitudes among Young Spanish People

“…Our interest in this type of VAW is rooted in the fact that, while its precise prevalence is difficult to determine, it has been considered “ a universaling experience that almost all women share ” [ 8 ] (p. 534), and can be considered an emerging social problem in our environment given that, although it involves traditionally occurring behaviors, they have only recently been identified as problematic [ 3 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. In fact, although feminist activism during the 1960s and 1970s focused on sexual aggression, intimate partner violence, and later on, sexual harassment (while SSH remained on the sidelines and was considered a lesser problem), this topic has become more relevant, as it forms part of the culture of oppression and continuous sexual and violent predation against women, limiting their presence in public spaces, generating fear, and constituting a precursor to physical and sexual victimization, or even femicide [ 3 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

“…A significant number of studies on this subject have focused on its conceptualization [ 2 , 3 , 11 ]. Thus, in recent decades, numerous definitions have been proposed, with significant variations in the emphasis placed on the different elements that comprise SSH and their specifications [ 16 ].…”

“… The behavior is unidirectional (meaning that neither the desires nor situation of the victim are taken into account) with a singular objective (meaning it is not meant to be public nor indiscriminate). The assault primarily targets women, and the instigators are primarily men (alone or in a group), although SSH may also occur against men, especially those who do not conform to a heteronormative pattern [ 11 , 24 ], or against the non-binary population [ 25 ]. Although it may be considered a benign, harmless, or even normalized and socially tolerated act, it is an act of domination that impacts the sexual freedom and right to free movement of women, communicating the message that harassers have the right to occupy public spaces and to control, assault, or injure women.…”

“…The assault primarily targets women, and the instigators are primarily men (alone or in a group), although SSH may also occur against men, especially those who do not conform to a heteronormative pattern [ 11 , 24 ], or against the non-binary population [ 25 ].…”