2018
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.01.85
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Advances in early biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy

Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy is the main cause of chronic kidney disease, and represents the most common and serious complication of diabetes. The exact pathogenesis is complex and not elucidated. Several factors and mechanisms contribute to the development and outcome of diabetic nephropathy. An early diagnosis and intervention may slow down disease progression. A variety of biological markers associated with diabetic nephropathy were found in recent years, which was important for predicting the occurrence and develo… Show more

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Cited by 51 publications
(30 citation statements)
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References 59 publications
(62 reference statements)
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“…Diabetic Nephropathy DN, as a chronic complication of diabetes, is a main cause of end-stage kidney disease (Flyvbjerg, 2017;Zhang J. et al, 2018), which occurs in patients with DM, and reduced kidney function involved in hyperglycemia-induced renal hyper filtration and injury, AGE-induced increased OS, activated protein kinase C (PKC)-induced increased production of cytokines, chemokines, and different inflammatory and apoptotic signals (Bhattacharjee et al, 2016). Detachment of podocytes from the glomerular basement membrane is also considered a key factor in the development of DN (Sawada et al, 2016).…”
Section: Chronic Complicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Diabetic Nephropathy DN, as a chronic complication of diabetes, is a main cause of end-stage kidney disease (Flyvbjerg, 2017;Zhang J. et al, 2018), which occurs in patients with DM, and reduced kidney function involved in hyperglycemia-induced renal hyper filtration and injury, AGE-induced increased OS, activated protein kinase C (PKC)-induced increased production of cytokines, chemokines, and different inflammatory and apoptotic signals (Bhattacharjee et al, 2016). Detachment of podocytes from the glomerular basement membrane is also considered a key factor in the development of DN (Sawada et al, 2016).…”
Section: Chronic Complicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Abnormalities in the lipid metabolism pathway, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), as well as systemic and glomerular hypertension are also involved in the progression of this disease. Impairment of insulin signaling, an increase in growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines, and activation of the intracellular signaling pathway also play a role in the development of this disease [157]. Therefore, the currently known DN biomarkers focus on three areas: Detection of oxidative stress, the occurrence of inflammation, and activation of the RAAS system (Figure 8).…”
Section: Diabetic Nephropathy (Dn)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Biomarkers associated with diabetic nephropathy pathogenesis (based on[157]). 8-OHdG-8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanine; AOPP-advanced oxidation protein product; CHIT1-chitotriosidase; DNPH-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; GS-Glutathione s-transferase; HNE-4-hydroxy-nonenal; IL-6-interleukin 6; IL-8-interleukin 8; IL-18-interleukin 18; IP-10-interferon-inducible protein-10; MCP-1-Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MDA-malondialdehyde; sCD40L-soluble CD40 ligand; TNF-α-Tumor necrosis factor alpha; YKL-40-cartilage glycoprotein 40.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This helps to optimize the diagnostic method and to predict related complications. The biomarkers research regarding diabetes nephropathy, a serious complication of diabetes, has made great progress [10,11], however, study of early diagnosis of T2DM is still limited [12]. To a certain extent, this is due to that the presence of severe metabolic disorders and signs of microvascular damage in the stage of diabetic complications help in the selection of markers; while slight changes in blood glucose and other metabolites in the early stages of diabetes are not likely to be discovered by epidemiological studies.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%