CD20 role in pathophysiology of Hodgkin’s disease

Abstract

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a tumor comprising non-malignant and malignant B-cells. Classical HL expresses CD15+ and CD30+ antigens, and 20 to 40% of patients are CD20+. This antigen is a ligand free protein present in B lymphocyte cells and its function is not well known. Some studies suggest that expression of CD20 may play a major role in Hodgkin's disease pathophysiology and may affect the patients' treatment prognosis, as well as relapse and refractory response. In the past few years, development of monoclonal anti-CD20 antibodies changed drastically the treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphomas in which CD20 is expressed. HL treatment is essentially composed of radiotherapy and chemotherapy; however, monoclonal anti-CD20 antibodies applicability is not well delimitated due to lack of information about clinical outcomes with anti-CD20 monotherapy or combined drug therapy using a classic regimen, as well as about CD20 pathophysiology mechanisms in B-cells tumors. The objective of our review is to discuss CD20 function in Hodgkin's lymphoma development, its influence on disease evolution and outcomes, as well as its effects on therapeutics and patients' prognostic.

Etiopathogenic, Epidemiologic and Clinical-Therapeutic Comparison of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Kaposi’s Sarcoma

“…The high prevalence of men with NHL described in the literature was also found in this work when compared with KS 6,[19][20][21] . Although NHL is more common in the elderly, in this study, when this disease was associated with the presence of HIV, the age has not surpassed 34 years.…”

“…on-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) are primary neoplasms derived from lymphocytes, which are manifested as solid tumors in lymph nodes, oropharyngeal structures, spleen, gastrointestinal submucosa, liver, bone marrow and lung 1,19 . Regardless of the tumor nature, all forms of lymphoma have the potential to spread to tissues of the mononuclear phagocytic system.…”

“…Regardless of the tumor nature, all forms of lymphoma have the potential to spread to tissues of the mononuclear phagocytic system. In a more advanced stage, blood involvement creates a picture similar to that of leukemia 19 . Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data from the National Cancer Institute, showed that until 1980 the incidence of NHL increased annually by 3-4%; however, in the following decades, this growth was reduced to less than 1% 2,3 .…”

Linfoma de Hodgkin: Análise de desfechos em óbito no Brasil, na região Norte e no Amapá em uma década

“…As células RS são minoria no tecido tumoral encontrado, sendo cercadas de outras células reacionais e não cancerígenas, como linfócitos T, neutrófilos, eosinófilos, fibroblastos, mastócitos, macrófagos e células plasmáticas. Possuem como características histológicas o tamanho largo, a presença de dois lobos com diferentes nucléolos, com uma aparência de "olhos de coruja", enquanto que as células de Hodgkin possuem nucléolos aumentados (Brasil, 2020;Fields & Wrench, 2017;Santos & Lima, 2017). No Brasil, em todos os estados, a estimativa do número de casos da doença para o ano de 2020, para cada 100 mil habitantes é de 1.590 nos homens e 1.050 nas mulheres.…”

“…A doença se apresenta com linfadenopatia indolor nas regiões cervical e/ou supraclavicular, febre, perda não intencional de mais de 10% do peso corporal habitual no período de seis meses e sudorese noturna, esses três últimos são chamados de sintomas B ou constitucionais e possuem relevância negativa quanto ao prognóstico. Tosse, dispneia, fadiga, odino e disfagia são sintomas ligados ao aparecimento de massa em regiões do mediastino e cervical (Brasil, 2020;Santos & Lima, 2017;Storck et al, 2019).…”