Taurine Reduces Heat Stress by Regulating the Expression of Heat Shock Proteins in Broilers Exposed to Chronic Heat

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of taurine on heat stress by evaluating them RNA and protein expressions of HSP90, 70 and 60in Ross broilers. Birds were distributed in a control group (CO) reared at 24ºC, a heat-stress group (HS) maintained at 34°C (weeks 3-5) and not supplemented with taurine, and a heatstress group (HST) maintained at 34°C (weeks 3-5) and supplemented with 0.1% taurine from 2 weeks of age. The final body weight was significantly higher in the HST group than in the HS group (p<0.05). The mRNA expression of all three genes in the liver and of HSP90 in the muscle were significantly lower in the HST than in the HS group (p<0.05). In the liver, the expression of HSP70 and HSP60 proteins was significantly higher in the HS group compared with the CO and HST groups (p<0.05), while HSP90 expression was not different (p>0.05). In the muscle, HSP70 expression was significantly lower in the HST group than in the CO and HS groups and HSP60 expression was dramatically decreased in HS group, whereas no differences in HSP90 expression were detected among groups. In conclusion, the broilers exposed to heat stress and supplemented with taurine showed lower expressions of heat shock genes and proteins both in the liver and muscle tissues, indicating that taurine supplementation improved broiler thermotolerance.

Cytoprotective Effects of Taurine on Heat-Induced Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells In Vitro

“…However, taurine had no effect on the protein expression of HSP90. These findings were consistent with the study of Belal in terms of the role of taurine in the mRNA and protein expression levels of HSP90 in liver tissue [ 32 ]. Future studies are needed to identify the levels of other HSPs under heat stress and further determine the effects of taurine.…”

Impact of Heat Stress on Poultry Health and Performances, and Potential Mitigation Strategies

“…Supplementation of 0.1% taurine in the drinking water demonstrated significant improvement in the final body weight of chronic heat-stressed broilers. Moreover, expression of heat shock proteins was lowered in the taurine supplemented broilers indicating improved thermotolerance in these birds under heat stress [ 128 ]. Similarly, He et al [ 129 ] reported that supplementation of taurine (5 g/kg of feed) in broilers under heat stress improved jejunal morphology, decreased the concentrations of serum ghrelin, increased the concentrations of somatostatin and peptide YY in the duodenum and increased the expression of appetite-related genes [ 129 ].…”

Modulation of Heat-Shock Proteins Mediates Chicken Cell Survival against Thermal Stress

“…Breast muscle [150] Zinc oxide nanoparticles Increased HSP70 &HSP90 Jejunum, Duodenum, and ileum [151] Glutamine Increased HSP70 Breast muscle [152] Taurine Decreased HSP90 Breast muscle [153] Curcumin Decreased HSP70 and HSP90 Breast muscles [154] Grape-seed extract (GSE) and vitamin C Decreased HSP70 Heart [155] Origanum compactum and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Decreased HSP70 Heart [156] * All bioactive compound and medicinal herbs were administered orally either with the diet or the drinking water. Details about the dosage and experimental heat-stress conditions are described in the corresponding reference.…”

“…Amino acids with antioxidant properties such as glutamine and taurine have been reported to modulate stress-induced HSP expression and improve cell survival against a variety of stressful stimuli. It can reduce lipid peroxidation in the breast muscle of broiler chickens reared under heat-stress conditions via modulating the expression of HSP70 and antioxidant related genes [ 152 , 153 ]. Interestingly, emerging evidence suggests that supplementation with the natural bioactive compounds effectively alleviate the heat stress in chicken due to their multiple biological activities.…”