Climatic Variation: Effects on Stress Levels, Feed Intake, and Bodyweight of Broilers

Osti, Rajani; Bhattarai, Dinesh; Zhou, Daixing

doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0494

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…This explains why the feed intake was different among location during the study period. This finding is also Supported by a report (Osti, 2017), who state a significantly different feed intake among the different climatic zones. Similar to the present study the result of Kayitesi, (2015) reported that chickens reared in Gulu district had a higher feed intake than those in Kiryandongo.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Growth performance of DZ-white and Improved Horro chicken breeds under different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia

Mulugeta¹,

Goshu²,

Esatu³

2020

Journal of Livestock Science

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The growth performances of DZ-white and Improved Horro chickens in three different agro-ecological zones were evaluated in the present study. 861 day-old unsexed chicks were randomly assigned to a 2×3 factorial arrangement in CRD involving two breeds (DZ-white and Improved Horro), three locations (Debre Berhan-L1, MelkaWerer-L2and Mekelle-L3 characterized as highland, lowland and midland respectively). FI, ADG, FCR. BW, BW gain and mortality were measured. Data were analyzed by GLM procedure of SAS .The result revealed that effect of breed on Initial BW,BW, BW gain, ADGFI was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher and FCR was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) better for DZ-white breed during the starter and grower phase. Among the locations significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher BW was recorded on L1 and L3 at both phases. During the starter phase significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher BW gain and ADG was recorded in the birds kept in L1 and L3. Birds consumed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) more feed on L1 during the starter phase. However, significantly (P ≤ 0.05) more feed were recorded on L1 and L3 during the grower phase and better FCR was recorded in L3 at both phases. Mortality was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher on L2at both phases. There was a significant (P ≤ 0.05) breed by location interaction for FI both at starter and grower phase and BW at grower phase. DZ-white exhibited the highest at L1 and L3, followed by DZ-white at L2 and Improved Horro at L3 and the lowest one was recorded for Improved Horro at L1 and L2.DZ-white was significantly (P≤0.05) superior in feed intake at L1 followed by Improved Horro at L1 and significantly (P≤0.05) lower feed intake was recorded in both breeds at L3 during the starter phase. However, DZ-white was significantly superior in feed intake at L1, followed by DZ-white at L3 and significantly (P≤0.05) lower feed intake was recorded in the Improved Horro across the location and DZ-white at L2 during the grower phase. In conclusion, the results of this study have demonstrated that DZ-white breeds had significantly enhanced speed of weight gain as well as growth and good feed conversion ratio. However, this study has also shown that Improved Horro chickens breeds have the genetic ability to grow fast if properly managed. Both chicken breeds are well adapted in highland and midland agro-ecology zone and their production performance was better than the chicken kept in lowland agro-ecology zone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Growth performance of DZ-white and Improved Horro chicken breeds under different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia

Mulugeta¹,

Goshu²,

Esatu³

2020

Journal of Livestock Science

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“…Furthermore, the broiler progeny of the HG and current commercial broilers for each of the four hatches were incubated and subsequently reared together to further limit the impact of environmental factors which could influence the manifestation of WB. In this study there was hatch to hatch variation in bird performance; season is known to impact upon broiler performance ( Koknaroglu and Atilgan, 2007 ; Osti et al, 2017 ) and as the hatches were placed at different times of the year, season could play a role in the hatch to hatch variation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising the Influence of Genetics on Breast Muscle Myopathies in Broiler Chickens

Bailey

Souza²,

Avendaño

2020

Front. Physiol.

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This report provides the first estimates of the genetic basis of all key breast muscle myopathies (BMM) in broiler chickens [Deep pectoral myopathy, wooden breast, white striping and spaghetti breast] and their relationship with body weight and breast yield. Data from a pure bred high yielding commercial broiler line were analysed to estimate the genetic parameters using a multivariate animal model with the appropriate fixed effects and permanent environmental effect of the dam. Heritabilities of the BMM ranged from 0.04 to 0.25 and the genetic correlation of the BMM with body weight and breast yield ranged from-0.06 to 0.41. Here we highlight that the genetic variance of BMM accounts for a low proportion of the phenotypic variance and the BMM have a low genetic relationship with performance traits. The large contribution of residual variance to the phenotypic variance for the BBM was >71.5% which indicates the importance of the non-genetic effects on BMM. The data presented also show that the moderate to low genetic influence for the development of BMM can be used, through balanced selection, to reduce the myopathy incidence in the long term. The impact of genetic selection against BMM was tested empirically by comparing the incidence of WB and % breast yield of a commercial broiler with a high generation (HG) broiler. The HG broiler used represents 2 years of genetic improvement compared to the commercial broiler; the HG broiler had an 18.4% relative decrease in WB and a 1.02% relative increase in breast yield compared to the commercial broiler. This paper describes the relationship between the genetic and non-genetic factors influencing BMM highlighting the importance of understanding the non-genetic effects on myopathy incidence. It also shows that the genetic component of BMM can be reduced whilst at the same time improving breast yield as part of balanced breeding goals.

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“…The H/L ratio tends to be reduced in subtropical birds in the winter season [59], due to a decrease in temperature. It could be indicative of heat stress, particularly because the ratio was reduced in birds with outdoor access at low density on week 6.…”

Section: Effects On Stress Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Outdoor Access and Indoor Stocking Density on Behaviour and Stress in Broilers in the Subhumid Tropics

Sánchez-Casanova

Sarmiento‐Franco

Segura-Correa

et al. 2019

Animals

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Studies investigating the welfare of commercial-line broiler chickens raised in houses with outdoor access in the tropics are scarce, and none have investigated whether responses vary according to indoor conditions. Hence, we assessed the effects of providing outdoor access at two indoor stocking densities on broiler chickens’ growth, behaviour, stress responses and immunity in a tropical region of Mexico. One hundred and sixty chickens were assigned to one of four treatments in a factorial design: with or without outdoor access and low or high stocking density indoors. Ad libitum sampling was used to build a purpose-designed ethogram. Scan sampling was used to record the number of birds engaged in each activity of this ethogram, both indoors and outdoors. Heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio and serum corticosterone levels were tested in weeks four and six of age. When the birds were 42 days old, they were slaughtered, and the bursa and spleen harvested and weighed. In an interaction between stocking density and outdoor access, birds at the high stocking density with no outdoor pens spent the least time walking and preening and more time lying (p < 0.05). Birds given outdoor access foraged more, but only at indoor low stocking densities (p < 0.05). Outdoor access reduced heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, indicating reduced stressor response. Birds with low stocking density indoors and outdoor access appeared more responsive to stressors, with elevated corticosterone and reduced spleen and bursa weights (p < 0.05). There were welfare benefits of outdoor access, principally in terms of increased activity, which were reflected in slower growth in the birds with outdoor access.

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Climatic Variation: Effects on Stress Levels, Feed Intake, and Bodyweight of Broilers

Cited by 34 publications

References 32 publications

Growth performance of DZ-white and Improved Horro chicken breeds under different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia

Growth performance of DZ-white and Improved Horro chicken breeds under different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia

Characterising the Influence of Genetics on Breast Muscle Myopathies in Broiler Chickens

Effects of Outdoor Access and Indoor Stocking Density on Behaviour and Stress in Broilers in the Subhumid Tropics

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