Smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis treatment failure: a case-control study

Aguilar, Juan Pablo; Arriaga, María B.; Rodas, Monica Ninet; Netto, Eduardo Martins

doi:10.1590/1806-3713/e20180359

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…In Brazil patients with a history of smoking increase 2.1 (95% CI 1.1–4.1) times, but the possibility of failure in TB treatment. Moreover, having a larger age of 50 years shows that the possibility of failure increases 2.8 (95% CI 1.4–6.0)[165].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors predictive of the success of tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review with meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveTo produce pooled estimates of the global results of tuberculosis (TB) treatment and analyze the predictive factors of successful TB treatment.MethodsStudies published between 2014 and 2019 that reported the results of the treatment of pulmonary TB and the factors that influenced these results. The quality of the studies was evaluated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) in February 2019 under number CRD42019121512.ResultsA total of 151 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review. The success rate for the treatment of drug-sensitive TB in adults was 80.1% (95% CI: 78.4–81.7). America had the lowest treatment success rate, 75.9% (95% CI: 73.8–77.9), and Oceania had the highest, 83.9% (95% CI: 75.2–91.0). In children, the success rate was 84.8% (95% CI: 77.7–90.7); in patients coinfected with HIV, it was 71.0% (95% CI: 63.7–77.8), in patients with multidrug-resistant TB, it was 58.4% (95% CI: 51.4–64.6), in patients with and extensively drug-resistant TB it was 27.1% (12.7–44.5). Patients with negative sputum smears two months after treatment were almost three times more likely to be successfully treated (OR 2.7; 1.5–4.8), whereas patients younger than 65 years (OR 2.0; 1.7–2.4), nondrinkers (OR 2.0; 1.6–2.4) and HIV-negative patients (OR 1.9; 1.6–2.5 3) were two times more likely to be successfully treated.ConclusionThe success of TB treatment at the global level was good, but was still below the defined threshold of 85%. Factors such as age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking, lack of sputum conversion at two months of treatment and HIV affected the success of TB treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors predictive of the success of tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review with meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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“…According to the literature, both former and current smoking increases the risk of acquiring a TB infection, progression to active TB, recurrence of the disease, development of more severe forms of TB, and dying from TB. Also, smoking can impair response to treatment and interfere with adherence to TB treatment, particularly among elderly [7,29,30]. At the same time, quitting smoking has been associated with a significant decreases in TB-related mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoked Tobacco, Air Pollution, and Tuberculosis in Lao PDR: Findings from a National Sample

Petersen

Muffley

Somsamouth³

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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In 2017, more than half of the global burden of incident tuberculosis (TB) came from the Western Pacific region. In Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), the high rates of tobacco use and use of polluting biomass fuels for cooking (e.g., wood, charcoal, crop waste, dung) represent significant risk factors for TB. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between self-reported (1) smoking and TB; and (2) exposure to air pollution (from both cooking fires and environmental tobacco smoke) and TB among adults in Lao PDR. We analyzed data from the 2012 National Adult Tobacco Survey (NATSL) of Lao PDR—a multi-stage stratified cluster sample of 9706 subjects from 2822 households located in all 17 provinces. Utilizing a nationally representative sample and inferential, multivariable methods, we observed a significant increase in odds of self-reported TB among those who smoked tobacco (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = (1.00 to 2.98)). Larger multivariable models identified independent contributions from exposure to tobacco pipes (OR = 21.51, 95% CI = (6.34 to 72.89)) and communal outdoor fires (OR = 2.27, 95% CI = (1.15 to 4.49)). An index measuring combined exposure to smoked tobacco, environmental tobacco smoke in enclosed workspace, indoor cooking fire, trash fires, and other outdoor communal fires also showed a positive association (OR per added exposure = 1.47, 95% CI = (1.14 to 1.89)). The findings of this study underscore the need for multi-sectoral collaboration between tobacco control, environmental health, TB prevention and treatment programs, national authorities, policy makers, civil groups, and the private sector to address the convergence of potential risk factors impacting respiratory health in Lao PDR.

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“…Khan AH et al [20] also observed that the smoking had a strong influence on the tuberculosis and a significant barrier towards treatment success. Aguilar JP et al [21] found in their study that treatment failure risk was 2.1 times more among smokers. In the light of these observations it can rationally be speculated that relation of smoking with treatment failure could be due to the chemical contents of smoke which have deleterious effects on defense mechanisms of host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Comparison of Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Current, Ex and Non Smokers

Talpur¹,

Kumar²,

Abbass³

et al. 2020

JPRI

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Objective: To detect treatment outcomes in current smokers, ex - smokers and nonsmokers, in newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients. Methodology: This cohort prospective study was conducted in the department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi, with the collaboration of different (DOTS) centers of Pathology Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi. All newly diagnosed pulmonary TB patients registered for treatment either of gender were included. The patients were divided into three groups. Group-A: Current smokers, Group-B: Ex-smokers, Group-C: Non-smokers. Patients were followed for 6 months. Outcome was assessed in terms of cured or failure. All the information was enrolled in pre-designed proforma. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results: In current study mean age of non-smokers was 44.20±17.73, ex-smokers 43.13±15.67 years mean age of smokers was 38.07±15.67 years. Males were in majority in all study groups as in ex-smokers group, males were 98.75%, non-smoker males were 90.0% and in smoker group males were 92.50%. At starting of treatment, mean weight of smoker patients was 55.50±5.41 kg, ex-smoker’s 48.91±9.00 kg and mean weight of non-smokers 48.71±7.04 kg. P-0.001. At starting of treatment, the mean ESR of non-smokers was 89.31±10.02, ex-smoker’s was 82.62±12.18 and smokers ESR average was 80.61±15.83. P-0.001. After 6 month treatment, cured rate was (96.25%) in non-smokers, (90%) in smokers and (93.75%) in ex–smokers. Conclusion: This study concluded that cured rate was high in non-smokers. Smoking status in individuals greatly affects the tuberculosis treatment outcome with enhance failure rate.

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Smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis treatment failure: a case-control study

Cited by 17 publications

References 27 publications

Factors predictive of the success of tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Factors predictive of the success of tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Smoked Tobacco, Air Pollution, and Tuberculosis in Lao PDR: Findings from a National Sample

Comparison of Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Current, Ex and Non Smokers

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