Axial Crushing of Uni-Sectional Bi-Tubular Inner Tubes with Multiple Outer Cross-Sections

Abstract

Increase of energy absorption along with smooth load displacement curve, reduced peak force and high mean crushing force is the key in the modern dynamic design of structures. In this regard, a new metallic tubular configuration consisting of uni-sectional bi-tubular inner tubes, with outer tubes of multiple varied cross-sections is proposed and crushed under axial dynamic loading. A number of configurations are proposed ranging from simple to complex polygonal sections defined in three groups. Deformation modes and energy absorption characteristics such as peak crushing force, mean crushing force, and specific energy absorption are determined and discussed for each configuration. The proposed arrangement shows a stable crushing and higher values of crush force efficiency. In order to select the most suitable configuration, on the basis of maximum specific energy absorption, peak crushing force and minimum peak force, a robust decision making method known as Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) is implemented. The optimal configuration in each group is determined on the basis of higher values of specific energy absorption, crush force efficiency and a lower value of peak crushing force, using the chosen weighting factors in COPRAS implementation. Finally, the configuration with inner and outer hexagonal tubes is found to be the best possible design concept among the top members of each group, with peak crushing force, mean crushing force and crush force efficiency values of 69.8 KN, 7.3 KJ and 0.75, respectively.

Bio-inspired 3D-printed lattice structures for energy absorption applications: A review

“…BMT, inspired by a lady beetle's forewing as shown in Figure 16(b), is similar to a bi-tubular type of energy absorber and was extensively studied in the previous literature. 167–173 When bi-tubular BMTs of equivalent mass were evaluated, the thickness of the cross-sectional configurations and the inner wall was found to have a prominent impact on the structures for energy absorption. From the above literature on beetle forewing structures, most tests were carried out on crushing and compression behaviors of the sandwich structure only.…”

“…BMT, inspired by a lady beetle's forewing as shown in Figure 16(b), is similar to a bi-tubular type of energy absorber and was extensively studied in the previous literature. [167][168][169][170][171][172][173] When bi-tubular BMTs of equivalent mass were evaluated, the thickness of the cross-sectional configurations and the inner wall was 163 (c) trabecular structure, 163 (d) trabecula, a simple model 163 ; 3D printing is a technique for creating three-dimensional objects, (e) EBEP crash box, (f) CON crash box model. 162 found to have a prominent impact on the structures for energy absorption.…”

Crashworthy structures for future vehicle architecture of autonomous pods and heavy quadricycles on public roads: A review

“…As mentioned, many studies have been conducted upon multi-cell extrusions, primarily with aluminum extrusions. A swarm optimization had been conducted by Fang et al to obtain a cross-sectional design of a longitudinal rail, this constraint driven algorithm highlighted the trend of the material being pushed toward 40 Y N N N Sun et al 41 Y N N N Fang et al 42 Y N N N Ito et al 43 N/A N/A N/A Y Lee and Park 44 P N P N Gao et al 45 Y Y N N Qiu et al 46 Y Y N N Noversa and Peixinho 47 Y N N N Asanjarani et al 38 Y N N N An et al 48 Y N Y N Sun et al 49 Y N N N Reddy et al 35 Y N N N Kamran et al 50 Y N N N Hou et al 51 Y N N N Ma et al 52 Y N N N Zaidi et al 53 N N Y Y Zhu et al 54 Y Y Y N Kohar et al 55 Y N N N Kohar et al 56 Y N N N Omer et al 57 Y N N N Schlosser et al 58 N N Y N Li et al 59 Y N N N Sun et al 60 Y N N N Zahran et al 37 Y N N Y Xu et al 61 Y N N Y Nia and Chahardoli 62 Y N N P Zhang et al 63 Y N N N Reddy et al 64 Y N N N the corners of the member. This had been identified to aid in the increase of energy absorption by inducing more folds under the crush load.…”

A review of performance improvement approaches on crash boxes

“…Çarpışma kutularının performansları sigorta şirketleri ve Research Council for Automobile Repairs (RCAR), FIA (Federation International of Automobile), US ve Euro NCAP (New Car Assessment Programme), NHTSA (The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) gibi kuruluşların ortaya koydukları verilere ve isterlere göre ve aynı zamanda ABD'de CMVSS 215, Avrupa'da ise ECE-R42 gibi devlet regülasyonlarına göre zamanla değişim göstermektedir [24][25][26][27]. Çarpışma kutuları; silindirik [28][29][30][31][32], kare [29,[32][33][34] ve çokgen [35][36][37][38], hiyerarşik geometriler halinde [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], çok hücreli yapılar halinde [34,[47][48][49][50] ve köpük doldurulmuş halde [11,28,29,51,52] tasarlanarak enerji sönümleme miktarını arttırmak amacıyla birçok çalışmaya konu olmuşlardır. Yapılan çalışmalardan da görüleceği üzere, geometrinin enerji sönümlemesi üzerinde çok büyük etkisi vardır.…”