Impact of removable partial denture prosthesis on chewing efficiency

Abstract

Removable partial denture prostheses are still being used for anatomic, medical and economic reasons. However, the impact on chewing parameters is poorly described.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to estimate the impact of removable partial denture prosthesis on masticatory parameters.Material and MethodsNineteen removable partial denture prosthesis (RPDP) wearers participated in the study. Among them, 10 subjects were Kennedy Class III partially edentulous and 9 with posterior edentulism (Class I). All presented a complete and full dentate opposing arch. The subjects chewed samples of carrots and peanuts with and without their prosthesis. The granulometry of the expectorated boluses from carrot and peanuts was characterized by median particle size (D50), determined at the natural point of swallowing. Number of chewing cycles (CC), chewing time (CT) and chewing frequency (CF=CC/CT) were video recorded.ResultsWith RPDP, the mean D50 values for carrot and peanuts were lower [Repeated Model Procedures (RMP), F=15, p<0.001] regardless of the type of Kennedy Class. For each food, mean CC, CT and CF values recorded decreased (RMP, F=18, F=9, and F=20 respectively, p<0.01). With or without RPD, the boluses' granulometry values were above the masticatory normative index (MNI) determined as 4,000 µm.ConclusionRPDP rehabilitation improves the ability to reduce the bolus particle size, but does not reestablish fully the masticatory function.Clinical relevanceThis study encourages the clinical improvement of oral rehabilitation procedure.

Effects of removable dental prostheses on masticatory performance of subjects with shortened dental arches: A systematic review

“…19 In 4 studies X 50 was determined after a given number of chewing strokes; one study determined D 50 , which is equivalent to X 50 until swallowing. 22 Three studies 22,24,25 also reported on chewing frequency and 2 studies 23,26 on maximum bite force.…”

“…28 Three papers reported additionally chewing frequency data. Chewing frequencies were expressed as chewing strokes per second, 22 chewing stokes per minute, 25 or time needed for 20 chewing strokes. 24 If applicable the outcomes were converted to chewing strokes per second (Table 4).…”

Influence of adaptation of removable partial denture on masticatory performance.

“…Bessadet et al 14 in which masticatory ability and efficiency showed a significant increase in adapted prostheses after a given time. Retention problems and RPD stability can explain lower MP in the MP1 condition as they directly affect the physiology of mastication.…”

Análise comparativa da performance mastigatória entre doentes portadores de prótese parcial removível acrílica e esquelética

“…17 Num outro estudo que avaliou a função mastigatória dos portadores de prótese parcial removível, concluíram que o diâmetro geométrico médio das partículas destes indivíduos permanece acima do indicador normativo mastigatório. 18 O objetivo do presente estudo é realizar uma análise comparativa da performance mastigatória entre os doentes portadores de prótese parcial removível acrílica e esquelé-tica, existindo a hipótese nula de não haver diferença da performance mastigatória entre os utilizadores de PPR acrí-lica e esquelética.…”