Biochemical and proteomic analyses of venom from a new pit viper, Protobothrops kelomohy

Chanhome, Lawan; Khow, Orawan; Reamtong, Onrapak; Vasaruchapong, Taksa; Laoungbua, Panithi; Tawan, Tanapong; Suntrarachun, Sunutcha; Sitprija, Siravit; Kumkate, Supeecha; Chaiyabutr, Narongsak

doi:10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0080

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Studies involving mass spectrometry in toxinology have focused on the study of proteins present in animal venoms, converging on (i) the identification of isolated and purified proteins from venoms [ 72 , 73 , 74 ], (ii) the description of the composition of venoms [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ], and (iii) the identification of altered biological processes in tissues after tissue damage caused by snake venom [ 41 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 82 , 83 ]. MS can assist in the development and tracking of target toxins and improve the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA and Western blot assays by identifying toxins circulating in the blood of the victims.…”

Section: Biomarkers For Envenomation By Venomous Animals: What To Loo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities in Clinical Diagnostic Routine of Envenomation Using Blood Plasma Proteomics

Cavalcante

Almeida

Moraes

et al. 2023

Toxins

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Specific and sensitive tools for the diagnosis and monitoring of accidents by venomous animals are urgently needed. Several diagnostic and monitoring assays have been developed; however, they have not yet reached the clinic. This has resulted in late diagnoses, which represents one of the main causes of progression from mild to severe disease. Human blood is a protein-rich biological fluid that is routinely collected in hospital settings for diagnostic purposes, which can translate research progress from the laboratory to the clinic. Although it is a limited view, blood plasma proteins provide information about the clinical picture of envenomation. Proteome disturbances in response to envenomation by venomous animals have been identified, allowing mass spectrometry (MS)-based plasma proteomics to emerge as a tool in a range of clinical diagnostics and disease management that can be applied to cases of venomous animal envenomation. Here, we provide a review of the state of the art on routine laboratory diagnoses of envenomation by snakes, scorpions, bees, and spiders, as well as a review of the diagnostic methods and the challenges encountered. We present the state of the art on clinical proteomics as the standardization of procedures to be performed within and between research laboratories, favoring a more excellent peptide coverage of candidate proteins for biomarkers. Therefore, the selection of a sample type and method of preparation should be very specific and based on the discovery of biomarkers in specific approaches. However, the sample collection protocol (e.g., collection tube type) and the processing procedure of the sample (e.g., clotting temperature, time allowed for clotting, and anticoagulant used) are equally important to eliminate any bias.

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Section: Biomarkers For Envenomation By Venomous Animals: What To Loo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities in Clinical Diagnostic Routine of Envenomation Using Blood Plasma Proteomics

Cavalcante

Almeida

Moraes

et al. 2023

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Antivenom preclinical efficacy testing against Asian snakes and their availability in Asia: A systematic review

2023

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Background Cross-neutralizing strategy has been applied to improve access to antivenoms, a key to reducing mortality and disability of snakebite envenoming. However, preclinical studies have been conducted to identify antivenoms’ cross-neutralizing ability when clinical studies may not be considered ethical. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and summarize scattered evidence regarding the preclinical efficacy of antivenoms against Asian snakes. Methodology/Principle findings In this systematic review, we searched for articles published until May 30, 2022, in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Preclinical studies that reported the available antivenoms’ neutralizing ability against Asian snake lethality were included. Quality assessment was performed using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation’s risk of bias tool and the adapted the Animal Research Reporting In Vivo Experiments guidelines. The availability of effective antivenoms against Asian snakes was analyzed by comparing data from included studies with snakebite-information and data platforms developed by the World Health Organization. Fifty-two studies were included. Most studies assessed the antivenom efficacy against snakes from Southeast Asia (58%), followed by South Asia (35%) and East Asia (19%). Twenty-two (49%) medically important snakes had antivenom(s) with confirmed neutralizing ability. Situation analyses of the availability of effective antivenoms in Asia demonstrated that locally produced antivenoms did not cover all medically important snakes in each country. Among countries without local antivenom production, preclinical studies were conducted only in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia. Risk of bias assessment was limited in some domains because of unreported data. Conclusions/Significance Cross-neutralizing of antivenoms against some medically important snakes in Asia was confirmed. This strategy may improve access to geographically effective antivenoms and bypass investment in novel antivenom development, especially in countries without local antivenom production. A database should be developed to aid the development of a snakebite-information system.

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Separation and Analytical Techniques Used in Snake Venomics: A Review Article

et al. 2022

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The deleterious consequences of snake envenomation are due to the extreme protein complexity of snake venoms. Therefore, the identification of their components is crucial for understanding the clinical manifestations of envenomation pathophysiology and for the development of effective antivenoms. In addition, snake venoms are considered as libraries of bioactive molecules that can be used to develop innovative drugs. Numerous separation and analytical techniques are combined to study snake venom composition including chromatographic techniques such as size exclusion and RP-HPLC and electrophoretic techniques. Herein, we present in detail these existing techniques and their applications in snake venom research. In the first part, we discuss the different possible technical combinations that could be used to isolate and purify SV proteins using what is known as bioassay-guided fractionation. In the second part, we describe four different proteomic strategies that could be applied for venomics studies to evaluate whole venom composition, including the mostly used technique: RP-HPLC. Eventually, we show that to date, there is no standard technique used for the separation of all snake venoms. Thus, different combinations might be developed, taking into consideration the main objective of the study, the available resources, and the properties of the target molecules to be isolated.

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Biochemical and proteomic analyses of venom from a new pit viper, Protobothrops kelomohy

Cited by 4 publications

References 45 publications

Challenges and Opportunities in Clinical Diagnostic Routine of Envenomation Using Blood Plasma Proteomics

Challenges and Opportunities in Clinical Diagnostic Routine of Envenomation Using Blood Plasma Proteomics

Antivenom preclinical efficacy testing against Asian snakes and their availability in Asia: A systematic review

Separation and Analytical Techniques Used in Snake Venomics: A Review Article

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