Apical transportation associated with ProTaper® Universal F1, F2 and F3 instruments in curved canals prepared by undergraduate students

Abstract

Objective This study evaluated apical transportation associated with ProTaper® Universal Fl, F2 and F3 rotary files in curved canais prepared by undergraduate students. Material and Methods Twenty mesial roots of mandibular molars with curvatures ranging between 25° and 35° were selected. Mesiobuccal canals were instrumented by twenty students with the ProTaper® system (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Pre-fiaring was performed with Sl and SX files. A #15 K-file was inserted into the root canal up to the working length (WL), and an initial digital radiograph was taken in a buccolingual direction (baseline). Afterwards, the S1, S2, F1, F2, and F3 files were employed up to the WL. Other radiographies were taken in the same orientation of the baseline after the use of the Fl, F2, and F3 files, with each file inserted into the root canal. The radiographic images were overlapped, and the Image J software was used to measure the distance between the rotary files' ends and the #15 K-file's end, characterizing the apical transportation. Data were analyzed by Repeated Measure ANOVA and by the SNK post hoc test (P<0.05). Results It was verified that file size affected apical transportation significantly (P<0.001). The F3 file showed higher apical transportation than Fl and F2, while between these last files there was no difference. Conclusion The undergraduate students produced lower apical transportation in curved canals when they did not use the F3 rotary file.

A comparative study of root canal shaping using protaper universal and protaper next rotary files in preclinical dental education

“…Unal et al (2012) reported that third-year students with no experience with rotating instruments were successful in molar root canal preparations after 2 h of theoretical education about rotary instruments. Brito-Júnior et al (2014) reported that undergraduate students produced lower apical transportation in curved canals with F1 and F2 PTU files. Furthermore, Bruno et al (2016) stated that the low fracture rates observed in their study indicated that the examined instruments can be used safely by students.…”

“…Despite the multiple benefits of using NiTi rotary instruments, the step-back technique using stainless steel files is still a conventional teaching method in endodontic programs for undergraduate students in most countries (Alrahabi, 2015). Although students with no experience are reported to be successful in the use of rotary instruments (Unal et al, 2012; Kwak et al, 2016; Brito-Júnior et al, 2014), it is evident that errors can be minimized by the training to be taken in the curriculum. Georgelin-Gurgel et al (2008) and Alrahabi (2015) reported that manual instrumentation is safer than rotary instrumentation in the hands of inexperienced students.…”

Performance Evaluation on Rotary Preparation of Root Canal by Beginner Operators

“…Studies have reported that inexperienced undergraduate students produced less apical transportation with F1 and F2 PTU files in arched canals [ 11 ]. In our study, the apical transportation was 10.66% and over-instrumentation was noted in 6.66% of cases ( Figure 8 ).…”

Effect of apical expansion in decreasing microorganisms: a literature review

“…Nevertheless, previous studies reveal that, when compared to manual instruments, there was no statistical difference in apical foramen transportation. 16,17 Apical enlargement is thus necessary to better decontamination of the apical third and can be carried out with rotary and nickel-titanium reciprocating instruments without any concern over apical transportation when the anatomy of the region is respected.…”

“…Brito-Júnior et al 17 evaluated transportation of the apical foramen associated with ProTaper TM Universal rotary system in 20 canals with curvatures varying between 25° and 35°. Teeth were instrumented with this system and pre-enlargement was carried out with S1 and SX.…”