Periodontal disease severity is associated to pathogenic consortia comprising putative and candidate periodontal pathogens

Abstract

Periodontal disease severity is associated to pathogenic consortia comprising putative and candidate periodontal pathogens * Based on a holistic concept of polymicrobial etiology, we have hypothesized that putative and candidate periodontal pathogens are more frequently detected in consortia than alone in advanced forms of periodontal diseases (PD). Objective: To correlate specific consortia of periodontal pathogens with clinical periodontal status and severity of periodontitis. Methodology: Subgingival biofilm was obtained from individuals with periodontal health (113, PH), gingivitis (91, G), and periodontitis (209, P). Genomic DNA was purified and the species Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Aa JP2-like strain, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Dialister pneumosintes (Dp), and Filifactor alocis (Fa) were detected by PCR. Configural frequency and logistic regression analyses were performed to correlate microbial consortia and PD. Results: Aa + Pg in the presence of Dp (phi=0.240; χ 2 =11.9, p<0.01), as well as Aa JP2 + Dp + Fa (phi=0.186, χ 2 =4.6, p<0.05) were significantly more associated in advanced stages of P. The consortium Aa + Fa + Dp was strongly associated with deep pocketing and inflammation (p<0.001). The best predictors of disease severity (80% accuracy) included older age (OR 1.11 [95% CI 1.07 -1.15], p<0.001), Black/African-American ancestry (OR 1.89 [95% CI 1.19 -2.99], p=0.007), and high frequency of Aa + Pg + Dp (OR 3.04 [95% CI 1.49 -6.22], p=0.002). Conclusion: Specific microbial consortia of putative and novel periodontal pathogens, associated with demographic parameters, correlate with severe periodontitis, supporting the multifactorial nature of PD.

Combination of Neovestitol and Vestitol Modifies the Profile of Periodontitis-Related Subgingival Multispecies Biofilm

“…In recent studies, other species, such as Filifactor allocis, have been investigated as putative new pathogens, and a clinical investigation confirmed their presence in patients with periodontitis [26]. These results suggest that the composition of the biofilm associated with periodontal disease may be more complex and diverse than previously thought [27,28]. In this context, it has been shown that a consortium of bacteria, rather than a single species, is accountable for the transition of the biofilm from a state associated with oral health to one that is pathogenic.…”

Colonization dynamics of subgingival microbiota in recently installed dental implants compared to healthy teeth in the same individual: a 6-month prospective observational study

“…Regarding periodontal disease, the implication of F. alocis in periodontal disease severity is well-described in clinical studies. 32 , 33 Moreover, previous research has pointed out a potential role in periodontal disease pathogenesis for some species detected in the subgingival biofilm that are not usually associated with periodontal diseases, such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . 34 , 35 However, few studies explore the role of these bacteria and other “non-periodontal” species in peri-implant health or peri-implantitis.…”

Fibroblasts at the curtain call: from ensemble to principal dancers in immunometabolism and inflammaging

“… 9 P. gingivalis and its virulence factors have been extensively studied in consortium with other species characterizing a polymicrobial synergy, 18 which is directly associated to alveolar bone loss. 19 In this aspect, many cell types are important to orchestrate tissue response and bridge the link to the overall systemic health, including antigen-presenting cells, 20 T cells, 21 , 22 and architectural stromal cells, which can assume an immune phenotype and function on demand. 23 …”