Effect of two corticotomy protocols on periodontal tissue and orthodontic movement

Abstract

Effect of two corticotomy protocols on periodontal tissue and orthodontic movement Objective: To compare two corticotomy surgical protocols in rats to verify whether they alter conventional orthodontic movement. Methodology: Sixty Wistar rats were divided into three groups-orthodontic movement (CG), orthodontic movement and corticotomy (G1) and orthodontic movement with corticotomy and decortication (G2)-and euthanized after 7 and 14 days. Tooth movement (mm), bone volume fraction and bone volume ratio to total volume (BV/TV), and bone mineral density (BMD) were evaluated by micro-CT. The total amount of bone was measured in square millimeters and expressed as the percentage of bone area in the histomorphometry. The number of positive TRAP cells and RANK/RANKL/OPG interaction were also investigated. Results: Day 14 showed a statistically significant difference in orthodontic tooth movement in CG compared with G1 (7.52 mm; p=0.009) and G2 (7.36 mm; p=0.016). A micro-CT analysis revealed a difference between CG, G1 and G2 regarding BV/TV, with G1 and G2 presenting a lower BV/TV ratio at 14 days (0.77 and 0.73 respectively); we found no statistically significant differences regarding BMD. There was a difference in the total amount of bone in the CG group between 7 and 14 days. At 14 days, CG presented a significantly higher bone percentage than G1 and G2. Regarding TRAP, G2 had more positive cells at 7 and 14 days compared with CG and G1. Conclusion: Corticotomy accelerates orthodontic movement. Decortication does not improve corticotomy efficiency.

Effective Orthodontic Tooth Movement via an Occlusion-Activated Electromechanical Synergistic Dental Aligner

“…In conclusion, the occlusion-activated EMSA intervention enhanced the activity of OC and OB, promoted the metabolism and reconstruction of alveolar bone, and significantly accelerated the OTM in the young rat model. As shown in Figure j, we compared EMSA intervention with physiotherapy (ultrasound and vibration) and nonphysiotherapy (surgical treatment and drug treatment) reported in the literature. − For the ultrasound approach, daily pulsed ultrasound (1.5 MHz, 30 mW/cm 2 ) was applied on the rat OTM model, and the OTM was monitored every 2 days. After the 14-day intervention, the average OTM distances for the ultrasound group and con group were 1118 and 773 μm, and the relative efficiency improvement was ∼44.63%.…”

Effect of the Number of Micro-Osteoperforations on the Rate of Tooth Movement and Periodontal Response in Mice

“…In addition, a report using a rat model showed that a 10-MOP group significantly increased tooth movement during the initial phase (within 7 days after MOP) (Baloul et al, 2011). However, from previous studies, it was concluded that a small number of MOPs (1-2), the magnitude of the force, presence of a flap, and age of the subjects had no impact on the rate of OTM (Ren et al, 2003;Murphy et al, 2014;Zuppardo et al, 2020). Our study also showed that there was no significant difference in 0MOP+OTM vs. 2MOP+OTM.…”

Effectiveness of surgical procedures in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement: Findings from systematic reviews and meta‐analyses

“…In this regard, various surgical and non-surgical approaches (i.e. photobiomodulation [9] , corticotomy [10] , low-level laser therapy [11] , micro-osteoperforation [12] , and piezocision [13] have been proposed to accelerate the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), in order to reduce the overall duration of orthodontic treatment. Systematic Reviews (SRs) are the preferred publication type to collect existing evidences, and to offer the clinicians a summary of the most updated findings, in order to answer to a clinical question from the scientific literature [14] .…”