Impact of calcium aluminate cement with additives on dental pulp-derived cells

Abstract

Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) has been highlighted as a promising alternative for endodontic use aiming at periapical tissue repair. However, its effects on dental pulp cells have been poorly explored. Objective: This study assessed the impact of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) or zinc oxide (ZnO) additives on odontoblast cell response to CAC. Methodology: MDPC-23 cells were exposed for up to 14 d: 1) CAC with 2.8% CaCl2 and 25% ZnO (CACz); 2) CAC with 2.8% CaCl2 and 25% Bi2O3 (CACb); 3) CAC with 10% CaCl2 and 25% Bi2O3 (CACb+); or 4) mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), placed on inserts. Non-exposed cultures served as control. Cell morphology, cell viability, gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), ALP activity, and extracellular matrix mineralization were evaluated. Data were compared using ANOVA (α=5%). Results: Lower cell density was detected only for MTA and CACb+ compared with Control, with areas showing reduced cell spreading. Cell viability was similar among groups at days one and three (p>0.05). CACb+ and MTA showed the lowest cell viability values at day seven (p>0.05). CACb and CACb+ promoted higher ALP and BSP expression compared with CACz (p<0.05); despite that, all cements supported ALP activity. Matrix mineralization were enhanced in CACb+ and MTA. Conclusion: In conclusion, CAC with Bi2O3, but not with ZnO, supported the expression of odontoblastic phenotype, but only the composition with 10% CaCl2 promoted mineralized matrix formation, rendering it suitable for dentin-pulp complex repair.

Effects of vasopressin on anesthetic response time and circulatory dynamics of lidocaine

“…Vongsavan et al locally administered 4% articaine supplemented with 1:100,000 epinephrine to the mandibular first molars and canines in healthy volunteers and used electric pulp testing methods to measure anesthetic efficacy [ 13 ]. Furthermore, Oliveira et al evaluated the anesthetic efficacy of needle-free jet injection and conventional injection needle insertion in volunteers requiring restoration of the maxillary first molars using an electric pulp testing method [ 14 ]. The findings mentioned above indicated that the electric pulp testing method could be reliable for measuring anesthetic effects.…”

“…Measurements with more clinical indicators are needed to determine the clinical utility of vasopressin-supplemented lidocaine. Electric pulp testing methods are widely used as clinical perception tests for dental pulp and are widely used to assess anesthetic effects [ 11 – 14 ]. Therefore, this study used electric pulp testing methods to measure anesthetic effects.…”