Efficacy of sonic and ultrasonic irrigation devices in the removal of debris from canal irregularities in artificial root canals

Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of different sonic and ultrasonic devices in the elimination of debris from canal irregularities in artificial root canals.Materials and MethodsA resin model of a transparent radicular canal filled with dentin debris was used. Five groups were tested, namely: Group 1 – ultrasonic insert 15.02; Group 2 – ultrasonic insert 25/25 IRRI K; Group 3 – ultrasonic insert 25/25 IRRI S; Group 4 – sonic insert 20/28 Eddy on a vibrating sonic air-scaler handpiece; Group 5 – 20.02 K-file inserted on a Safety M4 handpiece. Two different irrigants (5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA) and 3 different times of activation (20, 40, and 60 seconds) were tested. Means and standard deviations were calculated and statistically analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests (p<0.05).ResultsNo statistically significant differences were found between the two irrigants used. Group 4 removed more debris than the other groups (p<0.05). Groups 1, 2, and 3 removed more debris than group 5 (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was found for the time of activation in all groups and at all canal levels, except between 40 and 60 seconds in group 4 at coronal and middle third level (p>0.05).ConclusionsNo significant differences were found between 5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA. When the time of activation rises, the dentin debris removal increases in all groups. Both sonic and ultrasonic activation demonstrate high capacity for dentin debris removal.

Sonic irrigant activation for root canal disinfection: power modes matter!

“…Recent in vitro studies have shown that, compared with manual irrigation, the sonic irrigation device EDDY improves the dentin debris removal from artificial canal irregularities [14], the removal of calcium hydroxide from artificial grooves in the root canal of maxillary incisors [9], the removal of remnants of sealer and guttapercha [15] and the median dye penetration depths in dentinal tubules of apical root sections [16]. However, considering the pivotal etiopathogenetic role of endodontic biofilms in periapical disease, the reduction of the microbial load within root canal systems is arguably the most relevant surrogate marker in experimental irrigation studies [17].…”

Die mechanische Aktivierung von Wurzelkanal-Spüllösungen – eine Literaturübersicht

“…In vitro wurden in vorzugsweise geraden Wurzelkanälen eine mit der passiven Ultraschallaktivierung vergleichbare Entfernung von Bakterien [16,17], Schmierschicht und Debris [8,18] sowie organischem Gewebe [19] erzielt. Der Effekt der manuellen Spülung ohne Aktivierung wurde dabei durch Verwendung des EDDY signifikant übertroffen [8,19].…”

Comparison of various activation methods of root canal irrigants for soft-tissue removal

“…An activated cleaning solution is known to enhance the intracanal cleaning. Previous studies have been conducted mainly on the removal of inorganic substances from complex anatomical structures in the root canals, such as the isthmus, but there is a lack of research on the removal of organic substances from the anatomical structures [1,2,9,10].…”