Role of 1% alendronate gel as adjunct to mechanical therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers

Abstract

Objective Alendronate (ALN) inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption and triggers osteostimulative properties both in vivo and in vitro, as shown by increase in matrix formation. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of 1% ALN gel as local drug delivery (LDD) in adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers.Material and Methods 75 intrabony defects were treated in 46 male smokers either with 1% ALN gel or placebo gel. ALN gel was prepared by adding ALN into carbopol-distilled water mixture. Clinical parameters [modified sulcus bleeding index, plaque index, probing depth (PD), and periodontal attachment level (PAL)] were recorded at baseline, at 2 months, and at 6 months, while radiographic parameters were recorded at baseline and at 6 months. Defect fill at baseline and at 6 months was calculated on standardized radiographs by using the image analysis software.Results Mean PD reduction and mean PAL gain were found to be greater in the ALN group than in the placebo group, both at 2 and 6 months. Furthermore, a significantly greater mean percentage of bone fill was found in the ALN group (41.05±11.40%) compared to the placebo group (2.5±0.93%).Conclusions The results of this study showed 1% ALN stimulated a significant increase in PD reduction, PAL gain, and an improved bone fill compared to placebo gel in chronic periodontitis among smokers. Thus, 1% ALN, along with SRP, is effective in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in smokers.

Synergistic Application of Platelet-Rich Fibrin and 1% Alendronate in Periodontal Bone Regeneration: A Meta-Analysis

“…Search Results. After selection according to our preestablished protocol, 14 RCTs were included for quantitative meta-analysis [10][11][12][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. The details of search procedure were presented in study flowchart ( Figure 1).…”

“…We also found some heterogeneity of patients in our included RCTs. One study enrolled in patients with type II DM and another one recruited smoking patients [25,29]. All rest RCTs recruited systematic healthy and non-smoking patients.…”

Systematic review and meta‐analysis of double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical trials using probiotics in chronic periodontitis

“…Scaling and root planing (SRP) is considered the gold standard treatment for CP, as it removes soft and hard microbial deposits and reduces the periodontal pathogenic count . However, in certain cases, such as deep probing depths, inaccessible root furcation, and interproximal areas of malposed teeth, proper access for instrumentation is not possible …”

Bisphosphonates as Supplement to Dental Treatment: A Network Meta-Analysis

“…Following removal of duplicates and elimination based on title and abstract (Appendix Table 4), 108 full texts remained for further assessment. From those, 97 articles were excluded for various reasons, and thus 11 studies (Rocha et al 2004; Lane et al 2005; Graziani et al 2009; Sharma and Pradeep 2012a, 2012b; Pradeep et al 2013, 2017; Sharma et al 2017; Gupta et al 2018; Ipshita et al 2018; Sheokand et al 2019) were included in the qualitative synthesis. From the latter, the study by Graziani et al (2009) was omitted from the quantitative synthesis due to missing data that could not be retrieved.…”