Consumo, degradabilidade in situ e cinética ruminal em bovinos suplementados com diferentes proteinados

Miranda, P. A. B.; Fialho, Maria Paula Ferreira; Saliba, E. O. S.; Oliveira, Loraine; Costa, Hélio; Lopes, V.E.S.; Silva, J.J.

doi:10.1590/1678-6934

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The increase in passage rates allowed greater use of wheat middling flour without impairing the effective degradability of BP. According to Miranda et al (2015), when protein degradation rates are very high, ruminal microorganisms may not use all the released amino acids and ammonia, which results in greater degradation than protein synthesis.…”

Section: Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminal parameters and in-situ degradability of rations with wheat middling substitution for corn

Brito¹,

Silva²,

Arruda³

et al. 2021

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substituting corn with wheat middling on the in-situ degradability of foods and ruminal parameters of cattle. The experiment was conducted at the Ruminant Studies Unit and the Laboratory of Food Analysis and Animal Nutrition of Londrina State University. Five rumen-fistulated cattle with an average weight of 521 ± 38.22 kg were housed in individual stalls. The experimental design used was a Latin square with five treatments (100% C, 75% C 25% WM, 50% C 50% WM, 25% C 75% WM, and 100% WM) and five periods of 25 days each. The pH and ammoniacal nitrogen (N-NH3) concentration in ruminal fluid was measured before feeding and 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after feeding in subdivided parcels. The in-situ degradability of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were determined by incubating silage samples and measuring concentrates in the rumen of cattle. The levels of substitution of corn by wheat middling did not alter the pH and N-NH3 values but was influenced by the collection time. The N-NH3 presented quadratic behavior with a point of maximum rumen concentration (5.31 mgdL-1) reached 1.12 h after feeding. The pH presented quadratic behavior with a point of minimum (6.04) reached 4.32 h after feeding. The effective degradability (ED) of DM with 2, 5 and 8%h-1 of passage rate was influenced by the substitution of corn by wheat middling, with increasing linear behavior. The ED 2%h-1 varied from 46.19% to 50.24%, the ED 5%h-1 varied from 33.76% to 38.68%, and the ED 8%h-1 values ranged from 28.16% to 32.92% for the 100% C and 100% WM treatments. Higher values, for treatments with higher levels of substitution of corn by wheat middling, occurred owing to the lower fiber content and to the largest soluble fractions and degradation rate of DM in rations with wheat middling. The ED of CP and NDF with passage rates of 2, 5 and 8%h-1 presented quadratic behavior. The ED 2, 5 and 8%h-1 of CP presented maximums of 75.9%, 77.9%, and 86.2%, with averages of 52.02%, 45.93%, and 42.23%, respectively. The ED 2, 5 and 8%h-1 of NDF presented minimum points of 29.6%, 34.7%, and 35.2%, with averages of 41.60%, 33.43%, and 27.76%, respectively. Wheat middling can be used for total substitution of corn without damaging ruminal pH and N-NH3, in addition to improving the degradability of rations.

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Section: Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminal parameters and in-situ degradability of rations with wheat middling substitution for corn

Brito¹,

Silva²,

Arruda³

et al. 2021

Semina: Ciênc. Agrár.

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“…Rumen micro-organisms are capable of producing microbial protein from ammonia and carbon skeleton, being non-protein nitrogen (NPN) one of the possible sources of ammonia (Taylor-Edwards et al, 2009). In this context, substitution of true protein sources by NPN is an option for ruminant diet formulations (Miranda et al, 2015). Although urea is widely used in ruminant feeding, there are some restrictions on its use, such as low acceptability to animals, segregation when mixed with other ingredients and especially due to its high solubility in the rumen, leading to ammonia intoxication (Chalupa, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extrusion of starch with urea is an alternative source due to its low solubility in the rumen and slow release of ammonia (Ítavo et al, 2016). Miranda et al (2015) have demonstrated that an association of foods and supplies with equivalent compensation rate may result in a better use of ammonia nitrogen by rumen micro-organisms. In this way, a maximization of microbial protein synthesis may occur, increasing digestion, passage rates, dry matter intake and animal performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extruded urea could reduce true protein source in beef cattle diets

Moraes

Ítavo

et al. 2019

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Rumen micro‐organisms are capable of producing microbial protein from ammonia and carbon skeleton, and non‐protein nitrogen (NPN) may be one of the sources of ammonia. Alternative source of NPN is the slow release of ammonia sources in which the product is the extrusion of starch with urea. This work aimed to determine the effects on nutrient intake, ingestive behaviour, digestibility, nitrogen balance, ruminal pH, rumen ammonia nitrogen, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and blood parameters with increased levels of extruded urea (50, 60, 70 and 80 g/100 kg of body weight [BW]) in beef cattle diet. Four rumen cannulated crossbred steers with initial mean weight of 336 ± 47 kg in a 4 × 4 Latin square design were distributed. Diets were formulated with 400:600 g/kg roughage:concentrate ratio on dry matter based and provided once per day, being used whole corn silage as roughage. There were no effects on nutrient intake (kg/day), ingestive behaviour, apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance, volatile fatty acid (VFA) and blood parameters in extruded urea treatment groups. Similar results were observed on time spent on feeding, rumination and idleness. There were positive linear effects (p = 0.022) on rumen pH in the time of 8 hr after feeding and also on plasma concentration of the extruded urea levels (p = 0.039); whereas a linear negative effect (p = 0.030) was observed on ammonia nitrogen for the collection time of 2 hr after feeding. Increased levels of extruded urea could maintain nutrient intake, digestibility, ingestive behaviour, rumen pH and blood parameters in normal conditions. In conclusion, we recommend the extruded urea use with values up to 80 g/100 kg BW in confined beef cattle that receive balanced diets with 140 g/kg of crude protein.

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Extruded urea levels in lamb supplementation in rainy tropical savanna conditions: the triad host-gastrointestinal nematodes-environment

Roberto

Difante

Costa

et al. 2023

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Consumo, degradabilidade in situ e cinética ruminal em bovinos suplementados com diferentes proteinados

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Ruminal parameters and in-situ degradability of rations with wheat middling substitution for corn

Ruminal parameters and in-situ degradability of rations with wheat middling substitution for corn

Extruded urea could reduce true protein source in beef cattle diets

Extruded urea levels in lamb supplementation in rainy tropical savanna conditions: the triad host-gastrointestinal nematodes-environment

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