Periodontal disease and its complications in cats from a shelter in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul

Maciel, Roberto Marinho; Mazaro, Renata Dalcol; Silva, João P.F.; Lorenzetti, Douglas Miotto; Herbichi, Alana Pivoto; Paz, Milena Carolina; Danesi, Cristiane Cademartori; Fighera, Rafael A.

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6306

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Gingivitis is the initial, reversible, and preventable stage of periodontal disease, and it may develop to periodontitis, involving the progressive and irreversible destruction of the periodontal tissues [1,21]. Complications include chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis, faucitis, and chronic gingivostomatitis [22]. Therefore, it is desirable to swiftly diagnose gingivitis cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between gingivitis and oral spirochetes in young cats and dogs

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although gingivitis frequently occurs in young cats, spirochetes are often found in the early stages of periodontal disease. This study was conducted to determine the association between gingivitis and oral spirochetes in young cats and dogs. The degree of gingivitis was evaluated in a total of 68 cats and 31 dogs under one year of age, and plaques were collected from each carnassial. To detect spirochetes or Porphyromonas gulae in plaque samples, 16S rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. All data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact probability test and odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). The prevalence of gingivitis was significantly higher in young cats (92.6%) than in young dogs (45.2%). The positive rate of spirochetes by PCR in gingivitis cases was 85.4% in young cats and 15.4% in young dogs, and the positive rate of P. gulae was 66.7% in young cats and 15.4% in young dogs. Both results were significantly higher in young cats than in young dogs. In young cats, spirochetes were significantly associated with gingivitis (OR = 7.95; 95% CI = 1.17, 53.83; P < 0.05), but P. gulae was not (OR = 2.44; 95% CI = 0.38, 15.66; P = 0.23). These results suggest that spirochetes may be associated with the early stages of periodontal disease in cats.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between gingivitis and oral spirochetes in young cats and dogs

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding in ADIN is therefore not unusual for a lynx of his age. In domestic cats, gingival recession is typically associated with periodontitis ( 71 ). Thus, visible cemento-enamel junction at an increasing distance from the gingival margin over time, which seemingly corresponds to further tooth eruption or extrusion, is likely rather due to chronic gingival retraction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Suspected Cases of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) During an International Translocation Program

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) population in Switzerland serves as a source for reintroductions in neighboring countries. In 2016–2017, three lynx from the same geographical area were found seropositive for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in the framework of an international translocation program. This novel finding raised questions about the virus origin and pathogenicity to lynx, the emerging character of the infection, and the interpretation of serological results in other lynx caught for translocation. Archived serum samples from 84 lynx captured in 2001–2016 were retrospectively tested for FIV antibodies by Western blot. All archived samples were FIV-negative. The three seropositive lynx were monitored in quarantine enclosures prior to euthanasia and necropsy. They showed disease signs, pathological findings, and occurrence of co-infections reminding of those described in FIV-infected domestic cats. All attempts to isolate and characterize the virus failed but serological data and spatiotemporal proximity of the cases suggested emergence of a lentivirus with antigenic and pathogenic similarities to FIV in the Swiss lynx population. A decision scheme was developed to minimize potential health risks posed by FIV infection, both in the recipient and source lynx populations, considering conservation goals, animal welfare, and the limited action range resulting from local human conflicts. Development and implementation of a cautious decision scheme was particularly challenging because FIV pathogenic potential in lynx was unclear, negative FIV serological results obtained within the first weeks after infection are unpredictable, and neither euthanasia nor repatriation of multiple lynx was acceptable options. The proposed scheme distinguished between three scenarios: release at the capture site, translocation, or euthanasia. Until April 2021, none of the 40 lynx newly captured in Switzerland tested FIV-seropositive. Altogether, seropositivity to FIV was documented in none of 124 lynx tested at their first capture, but three of them seroconverted in 2016–2017. Diagnosis of FIV infection in the three seropositive lynx remains uncertain, but clinical observations and pathological findings confirmed that euthanasia was appropriate. Our experiences underline the necessity to include FIV in pathogen screenings of free-ranging European wild felids, the importance of lynx health monitoring, and the usefulness of health protocols in wildlife translocation.

show abstract

“…In dogs and cats, periodontal disease is the most commonly occurring dental disorder whereas in rabbits, malocclusion which may predispose to secondary problems such as periodontitis and periapical abscesses dominate. 12,14,15,17,18 Similar to humans, guidelines for the treatment of dental disease within small animal care are mainly focused on local antiseptic treatments and source control such as professional dental cleaning and dental extractions. Antibiotics, local and systemic, are recommended only for a limited number of dental disorders such as open fractures, extensive osteomyelitis, and periapical abscesses with signs of sepsis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Use in Dental Care of Dogs, Cats, and Rabbits in Sweden

Ljungquist,

Andersson,

Areskog

et al. 2023

J Vet Dent

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the largest threats to global health. In society as well as in healthcare facilities, antimicrobial resistance is rapidly increasing with the main reason being overuse and misuse of antibiotics combined with inadequate infection prevention. For humans, dental care accounts for about 10% of all antibiotic prescriptions, making it an important target for antibiotic stewardship interventions. Corresponding figures for veterinary care are currently lacking but dental disease is frequently diagnosed in small animals. An important first step in the work towards prudent use of antibiotics is to understand antibiotic prescription habits and through that estimate the adherence to veterinary antibiotic guidelines as well as the need for education, training, and improved policies. The aim of this article is to present the results of a multicentre point prevalence survey sent to Swedish IVC Evidensia practices during autumn 2021 to recognize the use of antibiotics associated with dental treatments in dogs, cats, and rabbits. During the study period, 4.4% of the dental patients in Swedish IVC Evidensia small animal veterinary practices received antibiotics. The most used antibiotics prescribed were ampicillin, amoxicillin, and clindamycin indicating an overall high level of compliance to veterinary dental guidelines. This article demonstrates that Swedish veterinarians use antibiotics prudently in small animal dentistry and the results may be used as a future global benchmark.

show abstract

Periodontal disease and its complications in cats from a shelter in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

The association between gingivitis and oral spirochetes in young cats and dogs

The association between gingivitis and oral spirochetes in young cats and dogs

Management of Suspected Cases of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) During an International Translocation Program

Antibiotic Use in Dental Care of Dogs, Cats, and Rabbits in Sweden

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About