Defined and undefined commercial probiotics cultures in the prevention of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics from different formations, defined and undefined cultures, applied in the control of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers, identifying the compositions and states for which the probiotics are more effective. For that, 390 broilers were inoculated orally with 1.00 ml of Salmonella Enteritidis at a concentration of 1.2x109 CFU (Colony Forming Units). The experimental design used was randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 6 replications, totaling 30 boxes with 13 birds/box (13 birds/m2). The treatments were provided via drinking water 1 hour after inoculation, keeping a daily treatment of 12 hours with probiotics, for 3 consecutive days (birds at 1, 2 and 3 days of age). In general, the five treatments conducted were: T1 - Control without probiotic, T2 - Probiotic A (defined culture - lyophilized form, strain 7), T3 - Probiotic B (defined culture - lyophilized form, strain 11), T4 - Probiotic C (undefined culture liquid form), T5 - Probiotic D (undefined culture - liquid form). After treatments, performance was evaluated through average body weight, feed conversion and mortality counting. Microbiological analysis and Salmonella isolation were performed using MPN (Most Probable Number) and selective enrichment technique methods, respectively. Samples of ileum and liver pool, cecal tonsils, cecum, heart and spleen pool were collected at 5 and 31 days of age. No differences were observed on growth performance and isolation of Salmonella Enteritidis (p≥0.05). All probiotics applied were effective on reducing Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in the ileum, cecal tonsils, and cecum at 5 days of life. Probiotics T2 and T5 has shown effectiveness in reducing colonization at 31 days, being considered the most efficient on Salmonella Enteritidis control, for the intestines segments evaluated. It was not possible to affirm which probiotics formation, defined or undefined, is more efficient for Salmonella Enteritidis control.

Advances in Enteropathogen Control Throughout the Meat Chicken Production Chain

“…They can provide broilers resistance to Salmonella and Campylobacter colonisation through competitive exclusion, modulation of immune function and the production of growth-inhibiting metabolites (including organic acids) [100,206]. Studies identified in this review that investigated the effect of DFMs on Salmonella or Campylobacter are summarised in 2 [44,237 ] 1 [233] 1 [26] Broilact [237], Colostrum Liquido [237], Aviguard [26,44] Other organisms 2 [160,256] 1 [257] 0 0 [260] 0 1 [248] 1 [248] Lavipan® [260] Synbiotics 5 [36,113,135,261,262] 1 [36] 1 [263] 0 Biomin Poul-tryStar® [135,263], Bio-min®IMBO [113] Fermented products 1 [254] 0 1 [134] 0…”

“…Various fermented agricultural by-products containing live microbes have been found to reduce Salmonella when added to feed [230,247,[252][253][254][255], but the practicality of their use will likely depend on the availability of the specific feedstock to be fermented. Some DMFs may reduce Salmonella when added to broiler drinking water [233,239], while others did not have a significant effect [237,248].…”

Probiotics as a Promising Additive in Broiler Feed: Advances and Limitations

“…Studies carried out with the strains Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium bifidum, Streptococcus thermophilus and Enterococcus faecium indicate the efficiency of probiotics against pathogenic microorganisms when compared to conventional antibiotics, being able to reduce colonization by Salmonella enteritidis in the intestinal segments [46], without changes in feed consumption and feed conversion [47]. The practices of biosecurity in production combined with the use of probiotics are the way to maintain production efficiency and quality of the final product in the current scenario, [17,48].…”

“…The mechanism by which the effects of stress or challenge are reversed are associated with the stimulation of the immune system, which in turn activates the nervous system and occurs the restoration of body balance and the fight against the pathogen [46].…”

“…A study was carried out with probiotic compounds with undefined strains that were purchased from authorized local stores. That, tested in the treatment of broilers challenged with Salmonella enteritidis, the positive effect Probiotics as a Promising Additive in Broiler Feed: Advances and Limitations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97957 was only in the first 5 days [46]. There is an assumption that probiotic strains reduce the concentration over time throughout the intestine [70] and, for the best effect, continuous inoculation is necessary to maintain the optimal levels of the probiotic load, capable of competing favorably [18].…”