Dog and cat population dynamics in an urban area: evaluation of a birth control strategy

Garcia, Rita de Cássia Maria; Amaku, Marcos; Biondo, Alexander Welker; Ferreira, Fernando

doi:10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-4205

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the work developed by Marlet and (14), from 2003 to 2007, dogs also presented the highest percentage in all years of the study. However, dog and cat dynamics population has changed over the years, especially regarding cats population, which is increasing (8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Veterinary forensic necropsies: a look through an aspect of forensic traumatology

Souza¹,

Sousa²,

Andrade³

et al. 2021

BJVP

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Forensic veterinary pathology is essential to identify the cause of death of animals with suspicion of abuse, neglect, exogenous intoxication, medical errors, if the lesions were accidental or ante-mortem or in cases where the animal’s identity is needed. It involves several areas that can be used to determine the cause of death in animals, such as traumatology, entomology and toxicology. This work aims to determine the main lesions found in judicial necropsies of animals from the metropolitan region of Belém, qualifying the most prevalent lesions according to the classification in forensic traumatology. The necropsy was performed according to the animal species and using the method of Ghon. The animals were grouping by specie, sex, race and age and it was made a segmentation by vulnerable energy. 33 judicial necropsies (9.06%) were performed between January 2018 and December 2019, including 22 canines (66.7%), seven felines (21.2%), two farm animals (6.1%) and two wild animals (6.1%). Regarding the sex of the animals, in general, 51.51% were males and 45.45% were females. Young dogs and cats represented the highest percentage of cases. Mixed breed dogs were the most prevalent, with 31.8%. In all species, the most prevalent energy was chemical energy, totalling 18 cases. Second, with six cases, mechanical trauma with only canines and felines, in which, only in three were evident the blunt injury. In only one case, the suspicion was of biodynamic energy, with suggestive findings. In conclusion, the forensic necropsy associated with the animal’s history is capable of providing relevant information which assists the pathologist in the search for injuries, its identification and interpretation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Veterinary forensic necropsies: a look through an aspect of forensic traumatology

Souza¹,

Sousa²,

Andrade³

et al. 2021

BJVP

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“…For example, in the observational studies, the impact of fertility control varied from decreases in population size of 12% in 1.5 years to decreases in size of 40% over 12 years. Although all methods decreased population size, fertility control had the greatest effect in both observational studies [68,69,83,84] and modelling studies [69,[85][86][87][88][89][90]. Fertility control decreases dog population size by preventing births, therefore allowing a reduction of numbers as natural deaths occur.…”

Section: Investigated Methods and Reported Effects Of Dog Population mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Dog Population Management: A Systematic Review

Smith

Hartmann²,

Munteanu³

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple Summary: Domestic dogs are abundant worldwide-as owned pets, unowned strays, and feral animals. High numbers of free-roaming dogs can be a concern because of the risks they pose to public health, animal welfare, and wildlife. Using a systematic review process, we investigated what the research published to date can tell us about the effectiveness of different dog population management methods. We found that management methods for dog populations have been researched in multiple countries worldwide, using a wide range of indicators to assess method effectiveness. We outline the results and suggest improvements to help guide future dog population management policy. Abstract:The worldwide population of domestic dogs is estimated at approximately 700 million, with around 75% classified as "free-roaming". Where free-roaming dogs exist in high densities, there are significant implications for public health, animal welfare, and wildlife. Approaches to manage dog populations include culling, fertility control, and sheltering. Understanding the effectiveness of each of these interventions is important in guiding future dog population management. We present the results of a systematic review of published studies investigating dog population management, to assess: (1) where and when studies were carried out;(2) what population management methods were used; and (3) what was the effect of the method. We evaluated the reporting quality of the published studies for strength of evidence assessment. The systematic review resulted in a corpus of 39 papers from 15 countries, reporting a wide disparity of approaches and measures of effect. We synthesised the management methods and reported effects. Fertility control was most investigated and had the greatest reported effect on dog population size. Reporting quality was low for power calculations (11%), sample size calculations (11%), and the use of control populations (17%). We provide recommendations for future studies to use common metrics and improve reporting quality, study design, and modelling approaches in order to allow better assessment of the true impact of dog population management. Author Contributions: Conceptualisation, L.M.S., L.M.C., and R.J.Q.; methodology, L.M.S., L.M.C., and R.J.Q.; formal analysis, L.M.S.; investigation, L.M.S.; data curation, L.M.S.; writing-original draft preparation, L.M.S.; writing-review and editing, L.M.S., L.M.C., S.H., A.M.M., P.D.V., and R.J.Q.; visualisation, L.M.S.; supervision, L.M.C. and R.J.Q.; and funding acquisition, L.M.C. Funding: This research was funded by VIER PFOTEN International.Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank Steven Sait, Helen Gray, and Mary Friel for their useful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. We would also like to thank the three anonymous reviewers for providing valuable feedback on the manuscript. Conflicts of Interest:The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders were involved in the reviewing of the manuscript.

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“…The purpose of this was to capture reasonable population clustering known to affect rabies persistence, in the absence of detailed spatial data on dog distributions from Latin America. We assumed high dog population turnover (average lifespan of 2.5 years), which is representative of the short life-expectancy of dogs in low socio-economic settings with endemic rabies [ 23 ], and similar to those reported for populations with endemic rabies in Brazil and Mexico [ 24 , 25 ]. We have previously found this model to be applicable in different settings [ 20 , 21 , 26 ] and we checked for appropriate dynamics (incidence patterns and persistence) prior to applying the classification algorithm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the elimination of dog-mediated rabies: development and application of an evidence-based management tool

Rysava

Mancero

Caldas³

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background International organizations advocate for the elimination of dog-mediated rabies, but there is only limited guidance on interpreting surveillance data for managing elimination programmes. With the regional programme in Latin America approaching elimination of dog-mediated rabies, we aimed to develop a tool to evaluate the programme’s performance and generate locally-tailored rabies control programme management guidance to overcome remaining obstacles. Methods We developed and validated a robust algorithm to classify progress towards rabies elimination within sub-national administrative units, which we applied to surveillance data from Brazil and Mexico. The method combines criteria that are easy to understand, including logistic regression analysis of case detection time series, assessment of rabies virus variants, and of incursion risk. Subjecting the algorithm to robustness testing, we further employed simulated data sub-sampled at differing levels of case detection to assess the algorithm’s performance and sensitivity to surveillance quality. Results Our tool demonstrated clear epidemiological transitions in Mexico and Brazil: most states progressed rapidly towards elimination, but a few regressed due to incursions and control lapses. In 2015, dog-mediated rabies continued to circulate in the poorest states, with foci remaining in only 1 of 32 states in Mexico, and 2 of 27 in Brazil, posing incursion risks to the wider region. The classification tool was robust in determining epidemiological status irrespective of most levels of surveillance quality. In endemic settings, surveillance would need to detect less than 2.5% of all circulating cases to result in misclassification, whereas in settings where incursions become the main source of cases the threshold detection level for correct classification should not be less than 5%. Conclusion Our tool provides guidance on how to progress effectively towards elimination targets and tailor strategies to local epidemiological situations, while revealing insights into rabies dynamics. Post-campaign assessments of dog vaccination coverage in endemic states, and enhanced surveillance to verify and maintain freedom in states threatened by incursions were identified as priorities to catalyze progress towards elimination. Our finding suggests genomic surveillance should become increasingly valuable during the endgame for discriminating circulating variants and pinpointing sources of incursions.

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Dog and cat population dynamics in an urban area: evaluation of a birth control strategy

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Veterinary forensic necropsies: a look through an aspect of forensic traumatology

Veterinary forensic necropsies: a look through an aspect of forensic traumatology

The Effectiveness of Dog Population Management: A Systematic Review

Towards the elimination of dog-mediated rabies: development and application of an evidence-based management tool

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